Histidine decarboxylase
<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Histidine decarboxylase | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||||||
Symbols | HDC ; MGC163399 | ||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 142704 MGI: 96062 HomoloGene: 20490 IUPHAR: 1274 GeneCards: HDC Gene | ||||||||||||
EC number | 4.1.1.22 | ||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Orthologs | |||||||||||||
Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||||
Entrez | 3067 | 15186 | |||||||||||
Ensembl | ENSG00000140287 | ENSMUSG00000027360 | |||||||||||
UniProt | P19113 | P23738 | |||||||||||
RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_001306146 | NM_008230 | |||||||||||
RefSeq (protein) | NP_001293075 | NP_032256 | |||||||||||
Location (UCSC) | Chr 15: 50.24 – 50.27 Mb |
Chr 2: 126.59 – 126.62 Mb |
|||||||||||
PubMed search | [1] | [2] | |||||||||||
histidine decarboxylase | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identifiers | |||||||||
EC number | 4.1.1.22 | ||||||||
CAS number | Template:CAS | ||||||||
Databases | |||||||||
IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
Gene Ontology | AmiGO / EGO | ||||||||
|
Histidine carboxylase PI chain | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
structure of the d53,54n mutant of histidine decarboxylase at-170 c
|
|||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | HDC | ||||||||
Pfam | PF02329 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR003427 | ||||||||
SCOP | 1pya | ||||||||
SUPERFAMILY | 1pya | ||||||||
|
Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) is the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that produces histamine from histidine with the help of vitamin B6 as follows:[1][2][3]
In humans, the histidine decarboxylase enzyme is encoded by the HDC gene.[4][5]
Contents
Function
The biogenic amine histamine is an important modulator of numerous physiologic processes, including neurotransmission, gastric acid secretion, and smooth muscle tone. The biosynthesis of histamine from histidine is catalyzed by the enzyme L-histidine decarboxylase. This homodimeric enzyme is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent decarboxylase and is highly specific for its histidine substrate.[4]
Biosynthesis
In bacteria, it is synthesised as a proenzyme, PI. Cleavage of the proenzyme PI chain yields two subunits, alpha and beta, which arrange as a hexamer, (alpha beta)6, by nonhydrolytic self-catalysis.[6]
Clinical significance
Inhibitors of histidine decarboxylase can be used as atypical antihistamines. (See Tritoqualine)
Mutations in the gene for this enzyme have been observed in one family with Tourette syndrome (TS) and are not thought to account for most cases of TS.[7]
See also
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Further reading
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
- Histidine Decarboxylase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
<templatestyles src="Asbox/styles.css"></templatestyles>