Help:IPA for Tunisian Arabic
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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Tunisian Arabic pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See Tunisian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Tunisian.
| IPA | Example | IPA | English approximation |
|---|---|---|---|
| b | ballūna | [bælːuːnæ] | boy |
| d | dār | [dɑːr] | duck |
| ð | đāb | [ðɛːb] | thus |
| d͡z 2 | dzāyir | [d͡zɛːjir] | pads |
| ʒ | jālāṭ | [ʒɛːlɑːtˤ] | vision |
| f | furšīṭa | [fʊrʃiːtˤɑ] | four |
| ɡ | gaṭṭū | [gætˤːuː] | game |
| h | hakāka | [hækɛːkæ] | help |
| ħ | ħākim | [ħɑːkɪm] | somewhat like hat but further back; Semitic ḥāʾ (ح) |
| j | yūm | [juːm] | yes |
| k | kalb | [kælb] | scar |
| l | libsa | [libsæ] | look |
| m | mrā | [mrɑː] | mole |
| n | nđif | [nðif] | no |
| θ | ŧlāŧa | [θlɛːθæ] | thing |
| q | qdim | [qdim] | somewhat like cup but further back; Semitic Qāf (ق) |
| p 1 | pīsīn | [piːsiːn] | spat |
| r | rāy | [rɑːj] | real, better |
| s | sqaf | [sqæf] | sow |
| ʃ | šarka | [ʃærkæ] | shell |
| t | tiāqa | [tiɛːqæ] | stake |
| t͡ʃ 2 | tšīša | [t͡ʃiːʃæ] | chew |
| v 1 | talvza | [tælvzæ] | vet |
| w | warda | [wærdæ] | wall |
| χ | būxā | [buːχɑ] | loch (Scottish) |
| ʁ | maġrīb | [mæʁrɪːb] | The same as the French R; Semitic Ghayn (غ) |
| z | zlābia | [zlɛːbiæ] | zoo |
| ʕ | ɛārṣa | [ʕɑːrsˤæ] | No english equivalent; Semitic Ayin (ع) |
| ʔ 3 | yisʔil | [jisʔil] | RP button; Semitic Aleph (ا) |
| IPA | Example | IPA | English approximation |
|---|---|---|---|
| ɑ | qārn | [qɑrn | father |
| æ | mahzūz | [mæhzuːz] | bat |
| ɛː | ɛlāš | [ʕlɛːʃ] | bed |
| ɪ | gid | [gɪd] | bit |
| i | fīsaɛ | [fisæʕ] | mee't |
| iː | dīk | [diːk] | need |
| ɔ | mux | [mɔχ] | got (RP) |
| ʊ | kuntrātū | [kʊntrɑːtuː] | look |
| uː | māhūš | [mɑhuːʃ] | pool |
| IPA | Explanation |
|---|---|
| ◌ˤ | pharyngealised vowel or consonant |
| ◌ː | long vowel or geminate consonant; consonants occur both long and short word-medially and word-finally |
Notes
- ^1 /p/ and /v/ are found in borrowed words and they are usually replaced by /b/, like in ḅāḅūr and ḅāla. However, they are preserved in some words, like pīsīn and talvza.[1]
- ^2 Rarely used, for example tšīša, dzīṛa and dzāyir.[2]
- ^3 Usually dropped but tends to occur in the learned register, in loans from standard Arabic, often in maṣdar (verbal noun) forms at the onset of the word, but also in other words like /jisʔil/ "he asks", though many speakers substitute /ʔ/ for /h/ in the latter word.[3][4]
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />- ↑ Talmoudi, Fathi (1979) The Arabic Dialect of Sûsa (Tunisia). Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis.
- ↑ (French) Ben Farah, A. (2008). Les affriquées en dialectal tunisien. In Atlas linguistique de Tunisie.
- ↑ Gibson, M. (2009). Tunis Arabic. Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, 4, 563–71.
- ↑ (German) Singer, H. R. (1981). Zum arabischen Dialekt von Valencia. Oriens, 317–323.
