Delfina Bunge

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Delfina Bunge, c. 1930
Signature of Delfina Bunge de Gálvez

Delfina Bunge de Gálvez (24 December 1881 – 30 March 1952) was an Argentine writer, poet, essayist and philanthropist.

Biography

Delfina Bunge was born in Buenos Aires, the daughter of Raimundo Octavio Bunge, quondam justice of the Supreme Court of Argentina, and María Luisa Justa Rufina de Arteaga. Her grandfather, Karl August Bunge, an immigrant from Prussia, was a merchant and amateur botanist who participated in the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas.[1] She had eight siblings, several of them were outstanding personalities: Carlos Octavio Bunge, jurist, sociologist and historian,[1] as well as Augusto Bunge and Alejandro Bunge, who were involved in the country's affairs; she also had a sister, Julia Bunge de Uranga.

She was educated in the Colegio del Sagrado Corazón. The family instilled artistic gifts in the girls, especially music and literature. They did not receive, like the men, training in liberal professions or training in business management and economic activities. The male children of the Bunge family continued their careers at universities abroad, while their sisters only completed high school. Delfina did not manage to complete his secondary education. After her sister Julia left school by choice, her mother forced Delfina to do it too.

She had training in foreign languages like her sister, English and French, but not in educational institutions but through governesses or private teachers from abroad. The German language that was required by their professions was added to the brothers' education.

Delfina particularly had a religious vocation since her adolescence and was a militant Catholic throughout her life. Delfina always felt attracted to reading and writing; as a conception of space for spirituality.

She met Manuel Gálvez in 1904, when he was 22 years old and director of Ideas magazine. She wanted to publish her article "The young woman of today, is she happy?" They married on April 21, 1910. Gálvez encouraged her and made her no longer have to hide her verses. The encouragement of her boyfriend, and later husband, culminated in the publication in 1911 of her first book, Simplement, published by Alphonse Lemerre in Paris.[2]

In 1933, in collaboration with her sister, Julia, Bunge published El arca de Noé;[3] in 1918, she issued a second book of verse in French, La nouvelle moisson, in Buenos Aires; and later, she published Historia y novena de Nuestra Senora de Lourdes.[4]

Delfina Bunge kept an private diary in eighteen handwritten notebooks and five typed volumes, almost ten thousand pages of a rich testimony of the petite histoire of Argentines at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.

She was a personal friend of two of the greatest intellectual figures of Argentina of her time: Victoria Ocampo and Alfonsina Storni, who dedicated part of her work to her and translated her poems from French. Delfina Bunge collaborated with the main newspapers and magazines of her time, such as: Ideas, Criterio, Ichtys, El Pueblo, Vida Femenina, El Hogar, La Nota, Nosotras, La Nación.

Delfina Bunge de Gálvez produced translations of Guillaume Apollinaire, Louis Aragon, Georges Duhamel, Henri Michaux and Paul Éluard.

She was member of the Association of Catholic Writers and Publicists, whose acronym, ASESCA, was well known for its tireless presence in all fields of culture and professional work. This association was founded in December 1939. A group of outstanding writers, among others Sara Mackintach, Sara Montes de Oca de Cárdenas and Lucrecia Sáenz Quesada de Sáenz, met in what was then the Abbey of San Benito, in the Buenos Aires neighborhood of Palermo, and with the advice and blessing of Abbot Andrés de Azcárate. The initial group was joined by a qualified nucleus of writers, among whom, in addition to Delfina Bunge, were María Raquel Adler, Concepción Solveyra de Victorica and Magdalena Fragueiro Olivera, Cornelia Groussac, Mercedes and Josefina Molina Anchorena, Sofía and Esther Sierra Victorica and Angelica Felisa Fuselli.

She was the mother of architect Delfina Gálvez Bunge.[1] The family used to spend their vacations in the city of Alta Gracia, Córdoba to take advantage of the dry air of the mountains that was recommended by doctors at that time to combat tuberculosis.

She died in Alta Gracia in 1952, and appeared on an Argentine stamp in 1983.

Selected works

  • Simplement (1911)
  • El Arca de Noé: libro de lectura. Segundo grado (1916)
  • Cuentos de navidad (1917; collaboration)
  • La nouvelle moisson (1918)
  • Poesías (1920)
  • Tierras del mar azul (1920)
  • El alma de los niños (1921)
  • Las imágenes del infinito (1922)
  • El tesoro del mundo (1923)
  • Oro, incienso y mirra (1924; 1935)
  • Los malos tiempos de hoy (1926)
  • Escuela: lecturas escolares para tercer grado (1933; with Julia Bunge)
  • Hogar (1933; with Julia Bunge)
  • Lectura para cuarto grado escolar (1933)
  • Hogar y patria (1933; with epilogue by Ernesto Padilla)
  • El reino de Dios (1934)
  • La belleza en la vida cotidiana (1936)
  • Lecturas, cuarto grado escolar (1936)
  • Iniciación literaria (1937)
  • Nociones de religión católica: catecismo único: mi primer libro de religión (1938)
  • Viaje alrededor de mi infancia (1938; 1956)
  • Dios y yo (1940)
  • Catolicismo de Guerra (1942)
  • Las mujeres y la vocación (1943)
  • En torno a Léon Bloy: Algunos aspectos de la vida y la muerte de Léon Bloy (1944)
  • Cura de estrellas (1949)
  • La vida en los sueños (1943, 1951)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Gasquet, Axel (2006). "Delfina Bunge: Un Caso Emblemático del Bilingüismo Poético Femenino en la Argentina de Comienzos del Siglo XX," Logosphère: Revista de Estudios Lingüísticos y Literarios, No. 2, pp. 61–74.
  2. ↑ In addition, her mother convinced her to participate in the contest for readers of the French magazine Femina in 1903 with the aim of hindering Bunge's literary vocation. She participated with an essay on the theme "The young woman of today, is she happy?" and was awarded first prize the following year.
  3. ↑ She was an active writer of textbooks. Together with her sister Julia, she wrote El arca de Noé, which continued in other well-received titles in the educational field: Home and Country, School: School readings for third grade, etc.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Further reading

  • Cárdenas, Eduardo J. & Payá, Carlos M. (1995). La Familia de Octavio Bunge. Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana.
  • Cárdenas, Eduardo J. & Payá, Carlos M. (1997). La Argentina de los Hermanos Bunge (1901-1907). Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana.
  • Gálvez, Lucía (2000). Delfina Bunge, Diarios Íntimos de una Época Brillante. Buenos Aires: Editorial Planeta.
  • Gálvez, Lucía (2007). Las Mujeres y la Patria. Buenos Aires: Punto de Lectura.
  • Gálvez, Lucía (2008). El Diario de Mi Abuela. Buenos Aires: Punto de Lectura.
  • Gasquet, Axel (2019). "Delfina Bunge en el Mediterráneo Oriental. Una Escritora Católica entre los Pueblos del Islam," Sociocriticism, Vol. XXIX, No. 1/2, 2019, pp. 89–131.
  • Gutiérrez León, Anabel (2018). "Dos Niñas Singulares: Retrato y Autorretrato en los Diarios de las Hermanas Julia Valentina y Delfina Bunge." In: Jesús Rubio Jiménez & José Enrique Serrano Asenjo, eds., El Retrato Literario en el Mundo Hispánico (Siglos XIX-XXI). Zaragoza: Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza, pp. 251–64.
  • Mizraje, María Gabriela (1999). Argentinas de Rosas a Perón. Buenos Aires: Editorial Biblos.
  • Percas, Helena (1958). La Poesía Femenina Argentina (1810-1950). Madrid: Ediciones Cultura Hispánica.
  • Ruiz, Elida (1980). Las Escritoras (1840-1940). Buenos Aires: Centro Editor de América Latina.
  • Sierra, Marta (2011). "Scripts for Modern Mothers: Representations of Motherhood in Delfina Bunge and Alfonsina Storni," Revista de Estudios Hispánicos, Vol. XLV, No. 1, pp. 89–106.
  • Sosa de Newton, Lily (1980). Diccionario Biográfico de Mujeres Argentinas. Buenos Aires: Editorial Plus Ultra.

External links

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