Testudinata

Testudinatans Temporal range: Late Triassic - Holocene, 210–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Skeleton of Proganochelys quenstedti, American Museum of Natural History
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Pantestudines
Clade:	Testudinata Klein, 1760
Subgroups
See text

Testudinata is the group of all tetrapods with a true turtle shell. It includes both modern turtles (Testudines) and many of their extinct, shelled relatives (stem-turtles). Though it was first coined as the group containing turtles by Klein in 1760, it was first defined in the modern sense by Joyce and colleagues in 2004. Testudinata does not include the primitive stem-turtle Odontochelys, which only had the bottom half of a shell.

Classification

The cladogram below follows an analysis by Jérémy Anquetin in 2011.

Testudinata	†Proterochersis †Proganochelys †Palaeochersis †Australochelys †Kayentachelys †Indochelys †Sichuanchelys †Chengyuchelys †Chuannanchelys †Eileanchelys †Heckerochelys †Condorchelys †Naomichelys †Otwayemys †Mongolochelys  Meiolaniidae  †Niolamia †Ninjemys †Meiolania Testudines (modern turtles)