Skagerrak-Centered Large Igneous Province

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The Skagerrak-Centered Large Igneous Province (SCLIP), also known as the European-Northwest African Large Igneous Province (EUNWA),[1] is a 300 million year old (Ma) large igneous province (LIP) centered on what is today the Skagerrak strait in north-western Europe (Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found., paleocoordinates[2] Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (south of Lake Chad)). It was named by Torsvik et al. 2008.

The SCLIP covered an area of at least 0.5×10^6 km2 (0.19×10^6 sq mi) and includes the Oslo and Skagerrak grabens, areas in south-western Sweden, Scotland, northern England, and the central North Sea. The SCLIP erupted at 297±4 Ma.[3] It produced 228.00 km² of volcanic material that can be found in Skagerrak, the Oslo Fjord, central North Sea, North-east Germany; 14.000 km² of sills in Scotland, England, Germany, The Netherlands, and Sweden; and 3.353 km total length of dykes in Scotland, Norway, and Sweden.[4] The eruption had a relatively short time span, perhaps less than 4 Ma, but magma propagated more than 1,000 km (620 mi) from the plume centre.[5]

Plumes derived from a superplume (or Large Low Shear Velocity Province (LLSVP)) overlay the boundary of the superplume at the core-mantle boundary (CMB).[6] To test whether the SCLIP met these criteria, Torsvik et al. used a shear-wave tomographic model of the mantle, in which the SCLIP indeed do project down to the margin of the African superplume at the CMB at a depth of 2800 km.[2] A series of LIPs are associated with the African superplume, of which the SCLIP is the oldest: SCLIP (300 Ma), Bachu (275 Ma), Emeishan (260 Ma), Siberian (250 Ma), and Central Atlantic (200 Ma). Its possible that these plumes together caused the break-up of Pangaea and therefore play an important role in the supercontinent cycle.[7]

The SCLIP is associated with the Moscovian and Kasimovian stages of the Carboniferous rainforest collapse around 296-310 Ma together with the Siberian Barguzin-Vitim LIP. [8]

See also

References

Notes

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  1. ↑ E.g. Doblas et al. 1998, Abstract; Bryan & Ferrari 2013, Fig. 1, p. 1054
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Torsvik et al. 2008, Relationship of the Skagerrak LIP eruption site to the deep mantle, pp. 447–448
  3. ↑ Torsvik et al. 2008, The Skagerrak-Centered Large Igneous Province, pp. 444–445
  4. ↑ Torsvik et al. 2008, Fig. 1, p. 445
  5. ↑ Torsvik et al. 2008, Conclusions, p. 451
  6. ↑ Torsvik et al. 2008, Was the SCLIP generated by a mantle plume?, pp. 445-446
  7. ↑ Li & Zhong 2009, Superplume record during the Pangean cycle, pp. 146–147
  8. ↑ Kravchinsky 2012, Table 1, p. 33
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