Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza
| Prince Pedro Henrique | |||||
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| Prince of Orléans-Braganza | |||||
| Head of the Imperial House of Brazil (disputed) | |||||
| Period | 14 November 1921 – 5 July 1981 | ||||
| Predecessor | Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil | ||||
| Successor | Prince Luiz Gastão of Orléans-Braganza | ||||
| Born | 13 September 1909 Boulogne-Billancourt, France |
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| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Vassouras, Brazil |
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| Spouse | Princess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria | ||||
| Issue | Prince Luiz Gastão Prince Eudes Prince Bertrand Princess Isabel Prince Pedro Prince Fernando Prince Antônio Eleanora, Princess of Ligne Prince Francisco Prince Alberto Princess Maria Teresa Princess Maria Gabriela |
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| House | House of Orléans-Braganza | ||||
| Father | Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza | ||||
| Mother | Princess Maria di Grazia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza (Portuguese: Pedro Henrique Afonso Felipe Maria Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga de Orléans e Bragança; 13 September 1909 – 5 July 1981), was a great-grandson of the last emperor of Brazil, Pedro II, and one of two claimants to the abolished throne.
Contents
Early life in Europe
He was born in 1909 in France at Boulogne-sur-Seine during the exile of the Brazilian imperial family, which had been deposed in 1889.[1] His father, Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza, was the second son of Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil, and Prince Gaston d'Orléans, comte d'Eu. His mother was Princess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.[2] His paternal grandmother, Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil, was the heir to the defunct Brazilian throne. The year before Pedro Henrique's birth, she recognized his father, Luiz, as the heir to the succession when Luiz's elder brother, Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará, signed a renunciation of his claim to the throne on behalf of himself and his descendants.[3][4]
Thus, at birth Prince Pedro Henrique received the title of Prince of Grão-Pará, according to Article 105 of the Constitution of 1824. He was baptized in the chapel of the Château d'Eu with the waters of the fountain taken from Largo da Carioca, in Rio de Janeiro. His godparents were his paternal grandmother, Princess Isabel of Brazil, and maternal grandfather, Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta and Head of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies. The prince and his family lived between the Castle d'Eu and the palace of Boulogne-sur-Seine, both belonging to the Imperial Family. He was raised primarily by his grandmother, Princess Isabel, and numerous preceptors imbued to educate him as future emperor of Brazil.[5]
In 1920, his father died in Cannes, France, victimized by injuries acquired in the trenches of the First World War. Also in 1920, the decree of banishment is revoked by the then President Epitácio Pessoa. The grandfather of Prince Pedro Henrique, Count d'Eu, leads part of the Imperial Family back in Brazil. Princess Isabel didn't travel because she was old and sick, making the trip not recommended. Still, Prince Pedro Henrique and Count d'Eu did not stay long in Brazil, because their lives were consolidated in Europe, and decided to go back there.[6]
Given the death of his father in 1920, Prince Pedro Henrique became Prince Imperial of Brazil, but on 14 November 1921, Princess Isabel died at the Castle d'Eu. So, at age of 12 Prince Pedro Henrique became the head of the imperial family.[7] Had he became Emperor, his imperial name would be Dom Pedro III.[8]
He continued living in France with his mother, Princess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Sicilies, where she thought he could get better education with his brothers Prince Luiz Gastão of Orléans-Bragança and Princess Pia Maria of Orléans-Braganza. Pedro Henrique was educated in France at the Ecôle des Sciences Politiques in Paris.[1] He was described by his grandmother as "a very intelligent child".[9]
In 1925, at the age of 16, the Brazilian government ruled against his request to serve in the military.[10]
Life in Brazil
Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará, died in 1940.[11]
Pedro Henrique was only able to return to Brazil in 1945, when the Second World War ended. He settled first in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, in the palace of the Grão-Pará, and then in the neighborhood of Retiro, in Petrópolis. His cousin, Prince Pedro Gastão, the eldest son of Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará, challenged Pedro Henrique's right to the succession in 1946,[1] on the basis that his father's renunciation had no legal force.
In 1951, D. Pedro Henrique bought a farm, Fazenda Santa Maria, in the town of Jacarezinho, interior of Paraná, where he launched as a farmer. In 1965, he returned to the state of Rio de Janeiro, settling in Vassouras, an important city in the days of Empire for coffee production. On site called Santa Maria, Prince Pedro Henrique resided until the end of his life.[12] He was active in the monarchist movement.[1]
On his death in 1981, Pedro Henrique's claim to the throne passed to his eldest son, Prince Luiz Gastão.
Honours
| Styles of Prince Pedro Henrique |
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| Reference style | His Imperial and Royal Highness |
| Spoken style | Your Imperial and Royal Highness |
| Alternative style | Sir |
Dom Pedro Henrique was Grand Master of the following Brazilian Orders:[13]
Imperial Order of Christ- Imperial Order of St. Benedict of Avis
- Imperial Order of Saint James of the Sword
- Imperial Order of the Southern Cross
- Imperial Order of Dom Pedro I
- Imperial Order of the Rose
He was a recipient of the following foreign honors:[14]
House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies - Grand Cross of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
Sovereign Military Order of Malta - Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion
Marriage and children
Pedro Henrique married Princess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria at Schloss Nymphenburg, Bavaria, on 19 August 1937.[15] They had twelve children.[7]
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Luiz Gastão | 6 June 1938 | one of two claimants to the headship of the Imperial House of Brazil[7] | |
| Prince Eudes | 8 June 1939 | married 1) Ana Maria de Moraes e Barros (divorced) 2) Mercedes Neves da Rocha. He renounced his rights of succession to the Brazilian throne for himself and his descendants on 3 June 1966.[7] | |
| Prince Bertrand | 2 February 1941 | ||
| Princess Isabel | 5 April 1944 | ||
| Prince Pedro | 1 December 1945 | married Maria de Fátima Lacerda Rocha. He renounced his rights of succession to the Brazilian throne for himself and his descendants on 28 December 1972.[7] | |
| Prince Fernando | 2 February 1948 | married Maria de Graça Baere de Araújo. He renounced his rights of succession to the Brazilian throne for himself and his descendants on 24 February 1972.[7] | |
| Prince Antônio | 24 June 1950 | married Princess Christine de Ligne | |
| Princess Eleonora | 20 May 1953 | married Michel, 14th Prince of Ligne | |
| Prince Francisco | 6 April 1955 | married Claudia Regina Godinho. He renounced his rights of succession to the Brazilian throne for himself and his descendants on 11 December 1980. | |
| Prince Alberto | 23 June 1957 | married Maritza Ribas Bockel. He renounced his rights of succession to the Brazilian throne for himself and his descendants on 22 December 1982. | |
| Princess Maria Teresa | 14 July 1959 | married Jan Hessel de Jong (1953-) | |
| Princess Maria Gabriela | 14 July 1959 | married Theodore Senna de Hungria Machado |
Ancestry
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Montgomery-Massingberd 1977, p. 43.
- ↑ Montgomery-Massingberd 1977, pp. 43, 50–51.
- ↑ Montgomery-Massingberd 1977, pp. 43, 50.
- ↑ Barman 2002, p. 227.
- ↑ SANTOS (2006: 61)
- ↑ SANTOS (2006: 56-58).
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Montgomery-Massingberd 1977, p. 51.
- ↑ ORLEANS E BRAGANÇA, Pia Maria (1990: 8)
- ↑ Barman 2002, p. 228.
- ↑ SANTOS (2006: 64).
- ↑ Montgomery-Massingberd 1977, p. 50.
- ↑ SANTOS (2006: 109).
- ↑ SANTOS (2006: 56-136).
- ↑ SANTOS (2006: 136).
- ↑ Montgomery-Massingberd 1977, pp. 43, 51.
References
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- ORLEANS E BRAGANÇA, Pia Maria de. Minha Mãe, a Princesa Imperial Viúva. Rio de Janeiro: Edição da Autora, 1990. Tradução de José Ubaldino Motta do Amaral.
- SANTOS, Armando Alexandre dos. Dom Pedro Henrique, o Condestável das Saudades e da Esperança. São Paulo: Artpress, 2006
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Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza
Cadet branch of the House of Orléans
Born: 13 September 1909 Died: 5 July 1981 |
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| Titles in pretence | ||
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| Preceded by | — TITULAR — Emperor of Brazil One of two pretenders to the Brazilian throne 14 November 1921 – 5 July 1981 Reason for succession failure: Empire abolished in 1889 |
Succeeded by Prince Luiz Gastão |
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Heads of the Imperial House of Brazil since the abolition of the monarchy in 1889
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| House of Braganza |
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| Vassouras branch | ||
| Petrópolis branch |
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