Order of the Crown (Romania)
| Order of the Crown of Romania Ordinul Coroana României |
|
|---|---|
| File:Orde van de Kroon van Roemenie met Zwaarden na 1932.jpg | |
| Knight's Cross with swords (Model 1932-1947) | |
Awarded by .svg){kind=small} King of the Romanians |
|
| Type | Dynastic order |
| Royal house | House of Romania |
| Religious affiliation | Romanian Orthodox |
| Ribbon | Light blue with silver stripes |
| Motto | PRIN NOI INSINE (By ourselves) |
| Awarded for | Conspicuous and special merit |
| Status | Discontinued in 1947; Revived in 2011 |
| Sovereign | King Michael I of Romania |
| Grades (w/ post-nominals) | Knight/Dame Grand Cross, Knight/Dame Grand Officer, Knight/Dame Commander, Knight/Dame Officer, Knight/Dame[1] |
| Established | 14 March 1881 - 1947 (National Order) 30 December 2011 - Present (Dynastic Order) |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) | Order of Carol I |
| Next (lower) | Royal Decoration of the Custodian of the Romanian Crown |
 |
|
| The two ribbon bars of the order | |
The Order of the Crown (of Romania) is a chivalric order set up on 14 March 1881[2] by King Carol I of Romania to commemorate the establishment of the Kingdom of Romania. [3] It was awarded as a state order until the end of the Romanian monarchy in 1947.[4] It was revived on 30 December 2011 as a Dynastic Order.[5]
Contents
Classes
The order had five classes, most of them with limited numbers:
- Grand Cross (limited to 25)
- Grand Officer (limited to 80)
- Commander (limited to 150)
- Officer (limited to 300)
- Knight (unlimited numbers)[1]
Insignia
Decoration
The religious character of the model of 1881 is a red-enamelled, eight-pointed Maltese Cross with wider margin of gold and white. In the angles of the cross were "C"s, the initials of the founder. The medallion in the middle of the cross shows a royal crown on dark red background. The medallion is surrounded by a white-frost edge surrounded the inscription PRIN NOI INSINE (by ourselves) and the order's foundation date of 14 March 1881. On the back of the medallion is the day of the statute as well as the years 1866 (referendum), 1877 (complete Romanian independence), 1881 (proclamation of Carol as King of Romania).[1]
Other
The Order's sash or ribbon is light blue with two silver stripes. Grand Cross members wore the decoration on a sash from the right shoulder to left waist, Grand Officers and Commanders around the neck and Knights and Officers on the left breast. For the two highest classes of the order an eight-pointed silver star was also worn on the left breast, Grand Cross members wearing it as an order-insignia and Grand Officers as a medallion, surrounded by 4 royal crowns since 1932.
Recipients
-
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
- Jean-Baptiste Billot
- Max von Fabeck
- Josef Harpe
- Arved Crüger
- William Horwood
- August Kanitz
- Gheorghe Manoliu[6]
- Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas Muller
- George Julian Zolnay[7]
- Radomir Putnik
- Živojin Mišić
- Mihailo Petrović
- Joseph Dietrich
- Dhimitër Beratti (grand officer)
- Vidkun Quisling, humanitarian work
- Lech Wałęsa, 2nd President of Poland[8]
- Lt.-col. Constantin C. Roșescu, participant in Operation Autonomous
Commander class
- Erich Abraham[9]
- Arthur Irving Andrews (1878 - 1967), American college professor.[10][11][12] Awarded c. 1929 for "historical writings on Rumanian subjects".[13][14]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Orders, Decorations, and Medals, Order of the Crown of Romania
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The order was discontinued in 1947, after King Michael abdicated the throne upon the Soviet occupation of Romania.
- ↑ http://www.familiaregala.ro/ro/familia-regala-astazi/ordine-si-medalii/ordinului-coroana-romaniei/
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Royal Family of Romania
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Herringshaw, WT. "Andrews, Arthur Irving" in Herringshaw's American blue-book of biography. American Publishers' Association. 1926. Page 47. Google Books.
- ↑ Cook, RC. "Andrews, Arthur Irving" in Who's who in American Education. 1930. Volume 2. Page 30. Google Books.
- ↑ Lawrence, Alberta Chamberlain. "Andrews, Arthur Irving" in Authors Biographical Monthly Service. Golden Syndicate Publishing Company. 1952. Page 65. Google Books.
- ↑ The Bates Student, vol 57 (1929 - 1930), 10 May 1929, p 2, col 3 Internet Archive
- ↑ The New Pioneer (1945 or 1946) vol 4 (published by the Cultural Association for Americans of Romanian Descent) Google Books: [1] [2]
