Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma

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See also, Odoardo Farnese (cardinal).
See also, Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma for Odoardo II Farnese, grandson of this Odoardo and father of Elizabeth Farnese.
Odoardo Farnese
Edward farnesio.jpg
Duke of Parma and Piacenza
Reign 5 March 1622 – 11 September 1646
Predecessor Ranuccio I
Successor Ranuccio II
Regent Odoardo Farnese
Margherita Aldobrandini
Born (1612-04-28)28 April 1612
Parma, Parma
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Parma, Parma
Spouse Margherita de' Medici
Issue Ranuccio II Farnese
Alessandro Farnese
House House of Farnese
Father Ranuccio I Farnese
Mother Margherita Aldobrandini
Religion Roman Catholicism

Odoardo Farnese (28 April 1612 – 11 September 1646), also known as Odoardo I Farnese to distinguish him from his grandson Odoardo II Farnese, was Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro from 1622 to 1646.

Biography

Odoardo Farnese depicted on a gold 2 doppie coin (1626).
File:Italian States-Piacenza 1626 2 Doppie.jpg
Odoardo Farnese depicted on a gold 2 doppie coin (1626).

Odoardo was the eldest legitimate son of Ranuccio I Farnese and Margherita Aldobrandini. After Ranuccio's natural son and his potential rival, Ottavio, was relegated in a prison, he reigned initially under the regency of his uncle Odoardo Farnese and, after the latter's death, of his mother, Margherita Aldobrandini.

Margherita de' Medici

He came of age in 1628 and in the same year he married Margherita de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany Cosimo II de' Medici's daughter. His first notable act as Duke was an alliance with France in 1633, a move designed to counter Spanish predominance in northern Italy and support his territorial ambitions. He also asked for loans to improve the army, but his first campaigns were ineffective: Piacenza was occupied by the Spanish troops, and his army was defeated by Francesco I d'Este. Spanish troops overran the duchy and devastated the countryside, but did not attempt to lay siege to the cities. In the absence of French assistance, Odoardo was convinced by Pope Urban VIII to sign a treaty of peace with Spain in 1637.

His aggressive rule of Castro, a Farnese fief in the Papal States north of Rome, who the Barberini (Pope Urban's family) were eager to acquire, caused Odoardo to be excommunicated in 1641.[1] Instead of reconciliation, he sought alliances with Venice, Florence and the Duchy of Modena, and invaded northern Lazio with 7,000 troops. His army was composed mostly of cavalry, and were unable to recover Castro by siege. Although the Farnese fleet was destroyed and the Duke often proved recalcitrant, in the peace of 1644, the city of Castro was returned to him and Odoardo was reconciled with the Roman Catholic Church and readmitted to the Sacraments.[1]

Odoardo died suddenly in Piacenza, his favorite residence, on 11 September 1646.

Marriage and children

Odoardo Farnese married Margherita de Medici (31 May 1612 – 6 February 1679) on 11 October 1628, the daughter of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. They had the following sons:

Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma
Born: 28 April 1612 Died: 11 September 1646
Regnal titles
Preceded by Duke of Parma
1622–1646		 Succeeded by
Ranuccio II
Duke of Piacenza
1622–1646

Ancestry

Family of Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 16. Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8. Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 17. Girolama Orsini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4. Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9. Margaret of Austria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 19. Johanna Maria van der Gheynst
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2. Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 20. Manuel I of Portugal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10. Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 21. Infanta Maria of Aragon
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. Infanta Maria of Guimarães
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 22. James, Duke of Braganza
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11. Infanta Isabel of Portugal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 23. Eleonor of Mendoza
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1. Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 24. Jacopo Aldobrandini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12. Giorgio Aldobrandini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 25. Bartolomea Ambrogi
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6. Giovanni Francesco Aldobrandini, Prince of Carpineto
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 26. Donato Dal Corno
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13. Margherita Dal Corno
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. Margherita Aldobrandini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 28. Salvestro Aldobrandini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14. Pietro Aldobrandini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 29. Elisabeta Dati
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7. Olimpia Aldobrandini
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15. Flaminia Ferracci
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

See also

References

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