Mycobacterium bohemicum
| Mycobacterium bohemicum | |
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M. bohemicum
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| Mycobacterium bohemicum Reischl et al. 1998, CIP 105808
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Mycobacterium bohemicum is a species of the phylum actinobacteria (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus mycobacterium.
Mycobacterium bohemicum is a nontuberculos bacterium that has been isolated from human tissue, animals, and the environment. M. bohemicum affects soft tissue in animal cells.[1] Mycobacterium bohemicum was identified in 1998 when isolated from sputum that was produced by a 53-year-old Down's Syndrome patient with tuberculosis[2] M. bohemicum has been reported and documented in 9 patients world wide.[3] Reports of the bacterium have been recorded from Finland and Austria. In children, M. bohemicum has induced laterocervical and submandibular lymphadenitis.[4] The excision of the subjects lymph nodes along with antimicrobial therapy increased the health of the subjects in less than 12 months.[1]
The lymph nodes of the subjects were minced and stained according to the Ziehl-Neelsen technique.[5] Within 12–17 days a culture was produced that could be analyzed on a molecular level "Richter". M. bohemicum contains combinations of α-, keto-, metoxy-, and dicarboxy-mycolates that are not commonly found in slow-growing bacteria[3] . Other distinct characteristics of M. bohemicum is identifiable by its unique 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence as well as its variation in the ITS sequence region of 16S-23S.[6]
Phenotypic Features
- Sensitive to compounds such as prothionamide, cycloserine, clarithromycin, gentamicin, amikacin.[1]
- Resistant to compounds such as isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol, rifampin, and ciprofloaxin.[1]
- Optimum temperature is around 37 degrees Celsius.[1]
- Enzymatic activity- weak positive test for urease.[1]
Genotypic Features
- To identify M. bohemicum, its resulting sequence was isolated and compared to the international database.[2]
- M. bohemicum has been phenotypically misidentified as M. scrofulaceum, however on the molecular level, the genetic makeup distinguishes the two starins of bacteria.[7]
- Increased cases may surface as a result of improvement microbiological diagnostic analysis.[1]
Type strain: strain CIP 105808 = CIP 105811 = DSM 44277 = JCM 12402
References
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