List of state leaders in 1916

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1916.

Africa

• Ethiopia -
  1. Iyasu V, Emperor of Ethiopia (1913–1916)
  2. Zauditu, Empress of Ethiopia (1916–1930)
• Liberia - Daniel E. Howard, President of Liberia (1912–1920)
• South Africa
  • Monarch – George V of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General - Viscount Buxton (1914–1920)
  • Prime Minister - Louis Botha (1910–1919)
• Zanzibar - Khalifa bin Harub, Sultan of Zanzibar (1911–1960)

Asia

• Emirate of Afghanistan – Habibullah Khan (1901–1919)
• Brunei - Muhammad Jamalul Alam II, Sultan of Brunei (1906–1924)
• China
  • Monarch (Empire of China) - Yuan Shikai, Emperor of China (1915–1916)
  • President (Republic of China) -
    1. Yuan Shikai, President of the Republic of China (1916)
    2. Li Yüan-hung, President of the Republic of China (1916–1917)
  • Premier (Republic of China) - Duan Qirui, Premier of the Republic of China (1916–1917)
• Japan
  • Monarch – Taishō (1912–1926)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Okuma Shigenobu, Prime Minister of Japan (1914–1916)
    2. Terauchi Masatake, Prime Minister of Japan (1916–1918)
• Mongolia - Bogd Khan, Khan of Mongolia (1911–1924)
• Oman - Taimur Bin Faisal, Sultan of Oman (1913–1932)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia -
  • Monarch – George V of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General - Ronald Munro-Ferguson (1914–1920)
  • Prime Minister - Billy Hughes (1915–1923)
• Tonga
  • Monarch – George Tupou II, King of Tonga (1893–1918)
  • Prime Minister - T.P.Tu'ivakano (1912–1923)

Europe

• Albania -

1. Prime Minister - Essad Pasha Toptani, (1914–1916)
2. National government collapsed (1916–1918)

• Andorra
  • Co-Princes -
    • French Co-Prince - Raymond Poincaré, President of France (1913–1920)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Baptista Benlloch i Vivó, Bishop of Urgell (1907–1919)
  • First Syndic - Pere Font (1915–1917)
• Austria-Hungary
  • Monarch -
    1. Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
    2. Karl I, Emperor of Austria and (as Charles IV) King of Hungary (1916–1918)
  • Minister-President of Austria
    1. Count Karl von Stürgkh (1911–1916)
    2. Ernst von Körber (1916)
    3. Count Heinrich von Clam-Martinic (1916–1917)
  • Minister-President of Hungary
    • Count István Tisza (1913–1917)
• Belgium
  • Monarch – Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
  • Cabinet Chief - Charles de Broqueville, Cabinet Chief (1911–1918)
• Bulgaria
  • Monarch - Ferdinand I, Tsar of Bulgaria (1908 - 1918)
  • Cabinet Chief - Vasil Radoslavov, Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (1913-1918)
• Kingdom of Denmark
  • Monarch – Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Carl Theodor Zahle (1913–1920)
• France -
  • President - Raymond Poincaré (1913–1920)
  • President of the Council - Aristide Briand (1915–1917)
• German Empire -
  • Monarch – Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1888–1918)
  • Chancellor - Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg (1909–1917)
  • Prussia -
    • Monarch – Wilhelm II, King of Prussia (1888–1918)
    • Minister President - Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg (1909–1917)
  • Bavaria - Ludwig III, King of Bavaria (1913–1918)
  • Saxony - Frederick Augustus III, King of Saxony (1904–1918)
  • Württemberg - William II, King of Württemberg (1891–1918)
• Greece
  • Monarch – Constantine I, King of the Hellenes (1913–1917)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Stephanos Skouloudis, Prime Minister of Greece (1915–1916)
    2. Alexandros Zaimis, Prime Minister of Greece (1916)
    3. Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (1916)
    4. Spyridon Lambros, Prime Minister of Greece (1916–1917)
  • State of National Defence (National Schism)
    • Eleftherios Venizelos, (1916–1917)
• Italy
  • Monarch – Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Antonio Salandra, Prime Minister of Italy (1914–1916)
    2. Paolo Boselli, Prime Minister of Italy (1916–1917)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch – Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1912–1919)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Hubert Loutsch, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1915-24 February 1916)
  2. Victor Thorn, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (24 February 1916 – 1917)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch – Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
  • Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers - Pieter Cort van der Linden (1913–1918)
• Norway
  • Monarch – Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)
  • Prime Minister - Gunnar Knudsen (1913–1920)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch – Mehmed V, Sultan (1909–1918)
• Portugal
  • President - Bernardino Machado, (1915–1917)
  • President of the Ministry -
    1. Afonso Costa, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1915–1916)
    2. António José de Almeida, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1916)
    3. Afonso Costa, Interim President of the Ministry of Portugal (1916)
    4. António José de Almeida, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1916–1917)
• Romania - King Ferdinand (1914–1927)
• Russian Empire
  • Monarch – Nicholas II, Emperor of Russia (1894–1917)
• Kingdom of Spain
  • Monarch – Alfonso XIII (1886–1931)
  • President of the Government - Álvaro Figueroa Torres (1915–1917)
• Sweden
  • Monarch – Gustaf V (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1914–1917)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch – George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Herbert Henry Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1908–1916)
    2. David Lloyd George, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1916–1922)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada
  • Monarch – King George V, King of Canada (1910–1936)
  • Governor-General -
    1. HRH the Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Governor-General of Canada (1911–1916)
    2. Duke of Devonshire, Governor-General of Canada (1916–1921)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Robert Borden (1911–1920)
• Costa Rica - Alfredo González Flores, President of Costa Rica (1914–1917)
• Cuba - Mario García Menocal, President of Cuba (1913–1921)
• México - Venustiano Carranza, President of Mexico (1914–1920)
• Newfoundland
  • Monarch – George V of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
  • Governor - Walter Edward Davidson, Governor of Newfoundland (1913–1917)
  • Prime Minister – Edward Patrick Morris (1909–1917)
• United States - Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States (1913–1921)

South America

• Argentina
  1. Victorino de la Plaza, President of Argentina (1914–1916)
  2. Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (1916–1922)
• Brazil - Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes, President of Brazil (1914–1918)
• Paraguay -
  1. Eduardo Schaerer, President of Paraguay (1912–1916)
  2. Manuel Franco, President of Paraguay (1916–1919)
• Peru - José Pardo y Barreda, President of Peru (1915–1919)
• Uruguay - Feliciano Viera, President of Uruguay (1915–1919)
• Venezuela - Victorino Márquez Bustillos, provisional President of Venezuela (1914–1922)