List of heads of state of Panama

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President of the Republic of Panama
Presidente de la República de Panamá
Presidential Flag of Panama.svg
Presidential standard
Coat of arms of Panama.svg
Coat of arms of Panama
Incumbent
José Raúl Mulino
since 1 July 2024
Residence Palacio de las Garzas, Panama City
Term length Five years, renewable once non-consecutively
Precursor Laurentino Cortizo
Inaugural holder Manuel Amador Guerrero
Formation 20 February 1904
Deputy Vice President of Panama
Salary 7,000 USD per month[1]
Website Presidencia de la República

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This article lists the heads of state of Panama since the short-lived first independence from the Republic of New Granada in 1840 and the final separation from Colombia in 1903. Since 1904 the head of state of Panama has been the President of Panama.

List of officeholders

Political parties
  Conservative Party (PC)
  National Liberal Party (PLN)
  Independent
  National Revolutionary Party (PNR)→Panameñista Party (PP)
  Authentic Revolutionary Party (PPA)
  National Patriotic Coalition (CPN)
  Military (National Guard) and (Panama Defense Forces)
  Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD)
  Republican Party (PR)
  Democratic Change (CD)
  Realizing Goals (RM)
Status
  Denotes acting or provisional president

Symbols

† Died in office

Free State of the Isthmus (1840–1841)

No. Portrait President
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Title
Took office Left office Time in office
1 100px Tomás de Herrera
(1804–1854)		 20 March 1841 8 June 1841 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). Superior Chief of State
(1) 8 June 1841 31 December 1841 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). President

Republic of Panama (1903–present)

President of the Municipal Council of Panama and de facto President (1903)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party
Took office Left office Time in office
3 140x140px Demetrio H. Brid
(1859–1917)		 3 November 1903 4 November 1903 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PC
Members of the Provisional Government Junta (1903–1904)
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political Party
Took office Left office Time in office
4 137x137px José Agustín Arango
(1841–1909)		 4 November 1903 20 February 1904 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
5 145x145px Tomás Arias
(1856–1932)		 Independent
6 FBoyd4.jpg Federico Boyd
(1851–1924)		 PLN
7 139x139px Manuel Espinosa Batista
(1857–1919)		 9 November 1903 7 December 1903 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
Presidents of Panama (1904–present)
No. Portrait President
(Birth–Death)		 Elected Term of office Political Party
Took office Left office Time in office
1 100px Manuel Amador Guerrero
(1833–1909)
First tenure		 1904 20 February 1904 23 June 1907[2] Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PC
2 Jose Domingo de Obaldía.jpg José Domingo de Obaldía
(1845–1910)
First tenure		 — 24 June 1907[2] 27 December 1907[2] Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
(1) 100px Manuel Amador Guerrero
(1833–1909)
Second tenure		 — 29 December 1907[2] 1 October 1908 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PC
(2) Jose Domingo de Obaldía.jpg José Domingo de Obaldía
(1845–1910)
Second tenure		 1908 1 October 1908 1 March 1910[†] Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— Carlos Antonio Mendoza.jpg Carlos Antonio Mendoza
(1856–1916)
Acting President		 — 1 March 1910 1 October 1910 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— FBoyd4.jpg Federico Boyd
(1851–1924)
Acting President		 — 1 October 1910 5 October 1910 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— Pabloarosemena.jpg Pablo Arosemena
(1836–1920)
Acting President		 — 5 October 1910 1 October 1912 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
3 100px Belisario Porras Barahona
(1856–1942)
First tenure		 1912 1 October 1912 1 October 1916 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PLN
4 RMvaldes7.jpg Ramón Maximiliano Valdés
(1867–1918)		 1916 1 October 1916 3 June 1918[†] Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— 8CiroU.jpg Ciro Luis Urriola
(1863–1922)
Acting President		 — 3 June 1918 1 October 1918 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— Pedro Antonio Díaz.jpg Pedro Antonio Díaz
(1852–1919)
Acting President		 — 1 October 1918 12 October 1918 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PC
(3) 100px Belisario Porras Barahona
(1856–1942)
Second tenure		 1918 12 October 1918 30 January 1920 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— Ernesto Tisdel Lefevre.jpg Ernesto Tisdel Lefevre
(1876–1922)
Acting President		 — 30 January 1920 1 October 1920 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
(3) 100px Belisario Porras Barahona
(1856–1942)
Third tenure		 1920 1 October 1920 1 October 1924 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PLN
5 Rodolfo Chiari.jpg Rodolfo Chiari
(1869–1937)		 1924 1 October 1924 1 October 1928 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PLN
6 100px Florencio Harmodio Arosemena
(1872–1945)		 1928 1 October 1928 3 January 1931
(Deposed in a coup)		 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— 100px Harmodio Arias Madrid
(1886–1963)
Acting President		 — 3 January 1931 16 January 1931 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). Independent
7 Ricardo J. Alfaro.jpg Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované
(1882–1971)		 — 16 January 1931 5 June 1932 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
8 100px Harmodio Arias Madrid
(1886–1963)		 1932 5 June 1932 1 October 1936 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PNR
9 100px Juan Demóstenes Arosemena
(1879–1939)		 1936 1 October 1936 16 December 1939[†] Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— 100px Ezequiel Fernández
(1886–1946)
Acting President		 — 16 December 1939 18 December 1939 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PNR
— 100px Augusto Samuel Boyd
(1879–1957)
Acting President		 — 18 December 1939 1 October 1940 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PNR
10 100px Arnulfo Arias
(1901–1988)
First tenure		 1940 1 October 1940 9 October 1941
(Deposed in a coup)		 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PNR
11 100px Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango
(1899–1969)		 — 9 October 1941 15 June 1945 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). Independent
— 100px Enrique Adolfo Jiménez
(1888–1970)
Provisional president		 1945 15 June 1945 7 August 1948 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
12 100px Domingo Díaz Arosemena
(1875–1949)		 1948 7 August 1948 28 July 1949
(Resigned)		 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
13 No image.png Daniel Chanis Pinzón
(1892–1961)		 — 28 July 1949 20 November 1949 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
14 100px Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón
(1905–1981)
First tenure		 — 20 November 1949 24 November 1949 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
(10) 100px Arnulfo Arias
(1901–1988)
Second tenure		 — 24 November 1949 9 May 1951 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PP
15 No image.png Alcibíades Arosemena
(1883–1958)		 — 9 May 1951 1 October 1952 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PPA
16 Estatua de José Antonio Remón Cantera - Sede de la Policía Nacional de Panamá (2012).jpg José Antonio Remón Cantera
(1908–1955)		 1952 1 October 1952 2 January 1955
(Assassinated)		 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). CPN
17 No image.png José Ramón Guizado
(1899–1964)		 — 2 January 1955 29 March 1955 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). CPN
18 100px Ricardo Arias
(1912–1993)		 — 29 March 1955 1 October 1956 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). CPN
19 No image.png Ernesto de la Guardia
(1904–1983)		 1956 1 October 1956 1 October 1960 Error: Need valid year, month, day years CPN
(14) 100px Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón
(1905–1981)
Second tenure		 1960 1 October 1960 17 March 1963 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
— No image.png Bernardino González Ruiz
(1911–2012)
Acting President		 — 17 March 1963 23 March 1963 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PAD
(14) 100px Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón
(1905–1981)
Third tenure		 — 23 March 1963 1 October 1964 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PLN
20 No image.png Marco Aurelio Robles
(1908–1990)		 1964 1 October 1964 1 October 1968 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PLN
(10) 100px Arnulfo Arias
(1901–1988)
Third tenure		 1968 1 October 1968 11 October 1968
(Deposed in a coup)		 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PP
— No image.png José María Pinilla Fábrega
(1919–1979)
Chairman of the Provisional Junta
Ruled jointly with Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla		 — 12 October 1968 18 December 1969 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). National Guard
21 No image.png Colonel
Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla
(1918–2005)
Ruled jointly with José María Pinilla Fábrega		 — 12 October 1968 18 December 1969 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). National Guard
— 100px Demetrio B. Lakas
(1925–1999)
Chairman of the Provisional
Junta from 1969 to 1972		 — 19 December 1969 11 October 1972 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). Independent
22 1972 11 October 1972 11 October 1978 Error: Need valid year, month, day years
23 100px Aristides Royo
(born 1940)		 1978 11 October 1978 31 July 1982 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). Independent
(until March 1979)
— PRD
24 De-la-espriella-crop.jpg Ricardo de la Espriella
(born 1934)		 — 31 July 1982 13 February 1984 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PRD
25 100px Jorge Illueca
(1918–2012)		 — 13 February 1984 11 October 1984 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). Independent
26 Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino.jpg Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino
(born 1938)		 1984 11 October 1984 28 September 1985 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PRD
— 100px Eric Arturo Delvalle
(1937–2015)
Acting President		 — 28 September 1985 26 February 1988 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PR
— No image.png Manuel Solís Palma
(1917–2009)
Acting President		 — 26 February 1988 1 September 1989 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PRD
— No image.png Francisco Rodríguez
(born 1938)
Provisional president		 — 1 September 1989 20 December 1989
(Deposed in the US invasion)		 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PRD
27 Guillermo Endara 1993.jpg Guillermo Endara
(1936–2009)		 1989 20 December 1989 1 September 1994 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PP
28 100px Ernesto Pérez Balladares
(born 1946)		 1994 1 September 1994 1 September 1999 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PRD
29 100px Mireya Moscoso
(born 1946)		 1999 1 September 1999 1 September 2004 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PP
30 Panama.MartinTorrijos.01.jpg Martín Torrijos
(born 1963)		 2004 1 September 2004 1 July 2009 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). PRD
31 Ricardo Martinelli Presidente de Panamá.jpg Ricardo Martinelli
(born 1952)		 2009 1 July 2009 1 July 2014 Error: Need valid year, month, day years CD
32 100px Juan Carlos Varela
(born 1963)		 2014 1 July 2014 1 July 2019 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PP
33 100px Laurentino Cortizo
(born 1953)		 2019 1 July 2019 1 July 2024 Error: Need valid year, month, day years PRD
34 100px José Raúl Mulino
(born 1959)		 2024 1 July 2024 Incumbent Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). RM

Military leaders of Panama (1968–1989)

From 1968 to 1989 a military junta exerted actual control over the country and nominated the president, who himself held little power. The following individuals were leaders of the junta.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Military affiliation Notes
Took office Left office Time in office
1 100px Brigadier-General
Omar Torrijos
(1929–1981)		 11 October 1968 31 July 1981[†] Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). National Guard Assumed power in the 1968 coup d'état.
Styled as Maximum Leader of the Panamanian Revolution from 11 October 1968.
Killed in an air crash.
2 No image.png Colonel
Rubén Darío Paredes
(born 1933)		 3 March 1982 12 August 1983 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). National Guard
3 Manuel Noriega mugshot cropped.jpg General
Manuel Noriega
(1934–2017)		 12 August 1983 20 December 1989 Lua error in Module:Age at line 846: attempt to call method 'subtract' (a nil value). National Guard Styled as Maximum Leader of the National Liberation from 15 December 1989.
Deposed in the US invasion.
Panama Defense Forces
(from 29 September 1983.)

Timeline

Latest election

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Main article: 2024 Panamanian general election

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See also

References

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