Juraj Haulik

His Eminence Juraj Haulík Váralyai
Cardinal Archbishop of Zagreb
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Church	Roman Catholic
Archdiocese	Zagreb
Appointed	11 December 1852
In office	1852-1869
Predecessor	Aleksandar Alagović
Successor	Josip Mihalović
Other posts	Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quirico e Giulitta
Orders
Ordination	18 April 1811
Consecration	10 December 1837 by Lodovico Altieri
Created Cardinal	16 June 1856 by Pius IX
Rank	Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born	(1788-04-20)April 20, 1788 Trnava, Kingdom of Hungary (Present day Slovakia)
Died	Zagreb, Croatia
Nationality	Slovak
Coat of arms	Juraj Haulík Váralyai's coat of arms

Juraj Haulik de Váralya (Slovak: Juraj Haulík Váralyai, Hungarian: Haulík Váralyai György) (Nagyszombat, Kingdom of Hungary, present-day Trnava, Slovakia, 20 April 1788 – Zagreb, 11 May 1869) was a Croatian cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church of Slovak ethnicity and the first archbishop of Zagreb. He was also acting ban of Croatia for two separate terms.

He studied theology and philosophy in Trnava, Esztergom and Vienna. After the death of bishop Aleksandar Alagović in 1837, Haulik was proclaimed bishop. In 1840 he began his first term as acting ban of Croatia after the death of ban Franjo Vlašić. He is credited for introducing the Croatian language into schools and workplaces, as well as forming the Matica hrvatska in 1842. He helped the organization of Maksimir park in Zagreb.

File:Juraj Haulik Zagrebačka katedrala.jpg

Juraj Haulik

He was succeeded as ban by the Hungarian Franz Haller. Haller was brought in to carry on Magyarization in Croatia, which included the banning of the then Croatian banner name: Illyrians. A protest by the Croatian People's Party in 1845 was put out violently by Haller, leaving thirteen protestors dead, and ending his time as ban. Haulik was again called upon to take up the post.

File:Juraj Haulik-Trnava.jpg

A tablet on the house where Haulik was born

During this term, the Croatian language was made official in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia in 1847. In 1848, in the midst of revolutions in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, military man Josip Jelačić was proclaimed ban to counter Hungarian aims of revoking Croatian autonomy.

Some further autonomy did materialize for Croatia in the following years, as Haulik was proclaimed the first archbishop and metropolitan of Zagreb in 1852. With this, the Catholic Church in Croatia became independent from Hungary. In 1856 he was also named cardinal. He carried on in these posts until his death in 1869.

While he was an ethnic Slovak, he said of his background: I was born a Slovak, but I will die a Croat. In 1999, Croatia and Slovakia put out a joint-issue stamp featuring Haulik.

References

Preceded by Aleksandar Alagović	Archbishop of Zagreb 1837–1869	Succeeded by Josip Mihalović
Preceded by Franjo Vlašić	Ban of Croatia 1840–1842	Succeeded by Ferenc Haller
Preceded by Ferenc Haller	Ban of Croatia 1845–1848	Succeeded by Josip Jelačić