Hep G2
Hep G2 is a human liver cancer cell line.
Hep G2 is a perpetual cell line which was derived from the liver tissue of a 15-year-old Caucasian American male with a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. These cells are epithelial in morphology, have a modal chromosome number of 55, and are not tumorigenic in nude mice.[1] The cells secrete a variety of major plasma proteins, e.g., albumin, transferrin, and the acute-phase proteins fibrinogen, alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, transferrin, and plasminogen.[citation needed] They have been grown successfully in large-scale cultivation systems. Hepatitis B virus surface antigens have not been detected. HepG2 will respond to stimulation with human growth hormone.[citation needed]
HepG2 cells are a suitable in vitro model system for the study of polarized human hepatocytes. (Another well-characterized polarized hepatocyte cell line is the rat hepatoma-derived hybrid cell line WIF-B[2]). With the proper culture conditions, HepG2 cells display robust morphological and functional differentiation with a controllable formation of apical and basolateral cell surface domains (van IJzendoorn et al., 1997; 2000, etc.) that resemble the bile canalicular (BC) and sinusoidal domains, respectively, in vivo.
Because of their high degree of morphological and functional differentiation in vitro, HepG2 cells are a suitable model to study the intracellular trafficking and dynamics of bile canalicular and sinusoidal membrane proteins and lipids in human hepatocytes in vitro.[citation needed] This can be important for the study of human liver diseases that are caused by an incorrect subcellular distribution of cell surface proteins, e.g., hepatocanalicular transport defects such as Dubin-Johnson Syndrome and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC), and familial hypercholesterolemia.[citation needed] HepG2 cells and their derivatives are also used as a model system for studies of liver metabolism and toxicity of xenobiotics[citation needed], the detection of environmental and dietary cytotoxic and genotoxic (and thus cytoprotective, anti-genotoxic, and cogenotoxic) agents,[3] understanding hepatocarcinogenesis[citation needed], and for drug targeting studies[citation needed]. HepG2 cells are also employed in trials with bio-artificial liver devices[citation needed].
References
- ↑ Hep G2, American Type Culture Collection
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