Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz

Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz
File:H J N Crantz Classis cruciformium.jpg Classis cruciformium emendata cum figuris aeneis in necessarium instit. rei herbariae supplementum (1769)
Born	(1722-11-25)November 25, 1722 Roodt-sur-Eisch, Luxembourg
Died	Judenburg, Austria
Fields	Botany, medicine
Institutions	St. Mary's Hospital, Vienna University of Vienna
Alma mater	University of Vienna
Influences	André Levret Nicolas Puzos Gerard van Swieten
Spouse	Anna Susanne Petrasch Magda Lena de Tremon

Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz (Roodt-sur-Eisch, Luxembourg, 25 November 1722 – 18 January 1799, Judenburg, Austria) was a botanist and a physician.

He obtained his doctorate of medicine in Vienna in 1750. He was one of the first pupils of Gerard van Swieten (1700–1772).

He studied obstetrics with André Levret (1703–1780) and with Nicolas Puzos (1686–1753) in Paris as well as in London.

He was first married to Anna Susanne Petrasch and then to Magda Lena de Tremon. He had two sons and one daughter.

He became a lecturer in obstetrics at St. Mary's Hospital in Vienna in 1754. From 1756 to 1774, he taught physiology and medicine at the university in that city.

He was the author of Einleitung in eine wahre und gegründete Hebammenkunst (1756), Commentarius de rupto in partus doloribus a foetu utero (1756), Commentatio de instrumentorum in arte obstetricia historia utilitate et recta ac praepostera applicatione (1757), De systemate irritabilitatis (1761), Materia medica et chirurgica (three volumes, 1762) (Vol. 1 - 3 1765 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf), De aquis medicatis principatus Transsylvaniae (1773), and Die Gesundbrunnen der Österreichischen Monarchie (1777).

He recommended better methods of hygiene for midwives. In addition to his work in medicine, he studied chemistry, botany, and the sources of mineral water. The plant genus Crantzia (Gesneriaceae) was named for him by Thomas Nuttall.