Cornelius Krieghoff

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Cornelius Krieghoff
Cornelius Krieghoff.jpg
Cornelius Krieghoff photographed by M.O. Hammond.
Born June 19, 1815
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Chicago, Illinois
Education Michel Martin Drolling
Known for Painting
Notable work The Toll Gate, 1859

Cornelius David Krieghoff (June 19, 1815 – April 8, 1872) is a Canadian painter of the 19th century.[1] Krieghoff is most famous for his paintings of Canadian landscapes and Canadian life outdoors, which were sought-after in his own time as they are today.[1] He is particularly famous for his winter scenes, some of which he painted in a number of variants (e.g. Running the Toll).

Life and career

Krieghoff was born in Amsterdam. He was initially taught by his father and then entered the Academy of Fine Arts in Germany about 1830. He moved to New York in 1836, and enlisted in the United States Army in 1837. While in the army, he made sketches of the Second Seminole War from which he later produced oil paintings. He was discharged from the army on May 5, 1840. Together with his wife Émilie Gauthier, he moved to Montreal around 1846. He participated in the Salon de la Société des Artistes de Montréal. While in Montreal, he befriended the Mohawks living on the Kahnawake Indian Reservation and made many sketches of them from which he later produced oil paintings.

Krieghoff traveled to Paris in 1844, where he copied masterpieces at the Louvre under the direction of Michel Martin Drolling (1789–1851). The Krieghoffs returned to Montreal in 1846, and in 1847 he was invited to participate in the first exhibition of the Toronto Society of Arts. He and his family moved to Quebec City in 1853. He returned to Europe in 1854, visiting Italy and Germany. In 1855, he returned to Canada. He lived in Europe from 1863 to 1868 and then moved to Chicago to retire. He died in Chicago on March 8, 1872 at the age of 56 and is buried in Graceland Cemetery in Chicago. A decade later, on June 8, 1881, the Great Quebec Fire destroyed many of his sketches, then owned by John S. Budden, who had lived with the artist for thirteen years.

According to Charles C. Hill, Curator of Canadian Art at the National Gallery, "Krieghoff was the first Canadian artist to interpret in oils... the splendour of our waterfalls, and the hardships and daily life of people living on the edge of new frontiers".[2]

The public collections holding works by Cornelius Krieghoff are the Art Gallery of Hamilton (Hamilton, Canada), the Art Gallery of Ontario (Toronto, Canada), the Beaverbrook Art Gallery (Fredericton, Canada), the Brooklyn Museum (New York City), the Glenbow Museum (Calgary, Canada), the McCord Museum (Montreal, Canada), the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (Montreal, Canada), Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec (Quebec, Canada), the National Gallery of Canada (Ottawa, Canada), the New York Public Library (New York City), the Rockwell Museum (Corning, New York), the Winnipeg Art Gallery (Winnipeg, Canada) and the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia (Halifax, Canada).[3]

Recognition

On 29 November 1972 Canada Post issued 'Cornelius Krieghoff, painter, 1815-1872' designed by William Rueter based on a painting "The Blacksmith's Shop" (1871), by Cornelius Krieghoff in the Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario. The 8¢ stamps are perforated 11 and were printed by British American Bank Note Company.[4] His works were also regularly exhibited at the gallery L'Art français.[5]

On 7 July 2000 Canada Post issued 'The Artist at Niagara, 1858, Cornelius Krieghoff' in the Masterpieces of Canadian art series. The stamp was designed by Pierre-Yves Pelletier based on an oil painting "The Artist at Niagara" (1858) by Cornelius Krieghoff in the Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario. The 95¢ stamps are perforated 13 X 13.5 and were printed by Ashton-Potter Limited.[6]

Auction record

The auction record for a painting by Cornelius Krieghoff is $158,350 (171,000 Canadian dollars). This record was set by Caughnawaga Indians at Camp, a 17.5 by 26.5 inch oil painting on canvas sold May 29, 2007 at Joyner Waddington (Toronto).[7]

Gallery

  • The Blacksmith's Shop', oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 22 x 36 in, 1871, Art Gallery of Ontario

  • Self-portrait by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1855 , National Gallery of Canada.jpg

    Self-portrait by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1855, National Gallery of Canada

  • The Toll Gate, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1859

  • 'The Toll Gate', oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1861, National Gallery of Canada.jpg

    The Toll Gate, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1861, National Gallery of Canada

  • The Blizzard, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1857, National Gallery of Canada

  • The Habitant Farm, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1856, National Gallery of Canada

  • 'The Ice Bridge at Longue-Pointe', oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1847-1848, National Gallery of Canada.jpg

    The Ice Bridge at Longue-Pointe, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1847-1848, National Gallery of Canada

  • The River Road, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1855, National Gallery of Canada

  • Winter Landscape, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1849, National Gallery of Canada

  • 'Winter Landscape, Laval', oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1862, National Gallery of Canada.jpg

    Winter Landscape, Laval, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1862, National Gallery of Canada

  • Following the Moose, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, ca. 1860, 11 x 9.5 in., Brooklyn Museum

  • Fraser with Mr. Miller Up, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1854, National Gallery of Canada

  • Indian Wigwam in Lower Canada, lithograph with watercolor on wove paper

  • The Passing Storm, Saint-Ferréol - Cornelius Krieghoff.jpg

    The Passing Storm, Saint-Ferréol, oil on canvas painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1854, National Gallery of Canada

  • Habitants, painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1852

  • 'Lumber Raft on the St. Lawrence ', oil painting by Cornelius Krieghoff, 1867.jpg

    Lumber Raft on the St. Lawrence, 1867

  • Krieghoff Huron-Wendat.jpg

    Print, Wyandot hunter calling a moose, by Cornelius Krieghoff, about 1868

  • Indian Woman Moccasin Seller

References

  • Barbeau, Charles Marius, Cornelius Krieghoff, Toronto, Ryerson Press, 1948.
  • Barbeau, Charles Marius, Cornelius Krieghoff, Pioneer Painter of North America, Toronto, The Macmillan Company of Canada, ltd., 1934.
  • Harper, J. Russell, Cornelius Krieghoff, The Habitant Farm, Ottawa, National Gallery of Canada, 1977.
  • Harper, J. Russell, Krieghoff, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1979.
  • Jouvancourt, Hugues de, Cornelius Krieghoff, Toronto, Musson Book Co., 1973.
  • Krieghoff, Cornelius, Cornélius Krieghoff, 1815-1872, Québec, Ministère des affaires culturelles, 1971.
  • Krieghoff, Cornelius and Marius Barbeau, Cornelius Krieghoff, Toronto Society for Art Publications, 1962.
  • Krieghoff, Cornelius and Monsieur Winkworth, Exposition d'estampes en l'honneur de C. Krieghoff, 1815-1872, Montréal, McCord Museum, 1972.
  • Reid, Dennis R., Ramsay Cook and François-Marc Gagnon, Krieghoff, Images of Canada, Vancouver, Douglas & McIntyre, 1999.
  • Vézina, Raymond, Cornelius Krieghoff, peintre de mœurs, 1815-1872, Québec, Éditions du Pélican, 1972.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gehmacher, Arlene, “Krieghoff, Cornelius David” in The Canadian Encyclopedia
  2. ↑ Cornelius Krieghoff stamp
  3. ↑ http://www.pro.rcip-chin.gc.ca/bd-dl/artefacts-eng.jsp?emu=en.artefacts:/Proxac/ws/human/user/www/Record&upp=0&rpp=100&m=7&w=NATIVE('INSPR%20ph%20is%20Nova%20Scotia%20and%20INS%20ph%20any%20Art%20Gallery%20of%20Nova%20Scotia%20and%20AR%20ph%20any%20Cornelius%20Krieghoff')
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ "L'Art Français in Montreal", Gallery Profile, in Le Collectionneur, Vol.1, n°2, 1978, "L'Art Français also sold the paintings of more "classical" painters such as (...) Cornelius Krieghoff"
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Askart.com accessed January 4, 2011

External links

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