Charles Augustus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1844–1894)

Charles Augustus
Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
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Born	(1844-07-31)31 July 1844 Weimar
Died	Cap Martin, France
Spouse	Princess Pauline of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Issue	William Ernest Prince Bernhard Karl
Full name German: Karl August Wilhelm Nicolaus Alexander Michael Bernhard Heinrich Frederick Stefan English: Charles Augustus William Nicholas Alexander Michael Bernhard Henry Frederick Stephen
House	House of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Father	Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Mother	Sophie of the Netherlands
Religion	Lutheranism

Karl August Wilhelm Nicolaus Alexander Michael Bernhard Heinrich Frederick Stefan, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (31 July 1844 – 20 November 1894), was a German prince and Hereditary Grand Duke (Erbgroßherzog) of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.

Biography

Born in Weimar, he was the only son of Karl Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and Princess Sophie of the Netherlands.

Because his mother was a daughter of King William II of the Netherlands and his older uncles, except King William III, died childless, Karl August was second in line in the succession to the throne of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1894. He was preceded only by his mother. This was the reason for him learning to write and speak fluent Dutch, due to the possibility of Karl August becoming king if Wilhelmina died childless.

Karl August died at Cap Martin, France, six years before his father; because of this, his eldest son Wilhelm Ernst succeeded his grandfather as Grand Duke.

Family and children

In Friedrichshafen on 26 August 1873 Karl August married with Princess Pauline of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. They were second cousins, as she was the paternal granddaughter of Prince Bernhard, younger brother of the Grand Duke Karl Frederick of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, the grandfather of Karl August. Her maternal grandparents were William I of Württemberg and his third wife Pauline Therese.

Karl August and Pauline had two sons:

1. Wilhelm Ernst Karl Alexander Friedrich Heinrich Bernhard Albert Georg Hermann, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (b. Weimar, 10 June 1876 – d. Heinrichau, 24 April 1923).
2. Bernhard Karl Alexander Hermann Heinrich Wilhelm Oscar Friedrich Franz Peter (b. Weimar, 18 April 1878 – d. Weimar, 1 October 1900).

Ancestry

Family of Charles Augustus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1844–1894)

16. Ernest August II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar               8. Charles Augustus, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach                       17. Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel               4. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach                             18. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt               9. Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt                       19. Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken               2. Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach                                   20. Peter III of Russia (=28)               10. Paul I of Russia (=14)                       21. Catherine II of Russia (=29)               5. Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia                             22. Friedrich II Eugen, Duke of Württemberg (=30)               11. Sophie Dorothea of Württemburg (=15)                       23. Margravine Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt (=31)               1. Charles Augustus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach                                         24. William V, Prince of Orange               12. William I of the Netherlands                       25. Princess Wilhelmina of Prussia               6. William II of the Netherlands                             26. Frederick William II of Prussia               13. Wilhelmina of Prussia                       27. Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt               3. Princess Sophie of the Netherlands                                   28. Peter III of Russia (=18)               14. Paul I of Russia (=10)                       29. Catherine II of Russia (=19)               7. Anna Pavlovna of Russia                             30. Friedrich II Eugen, Duke of Württemberg (=22)               15. Sophie Dorothea of Württemburg (=11)                       31. Margravine Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt (=23)