Better Portable Graphics
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Better Portable Graphics (BPG) is a file format for coding digital images, which was created by programmer Fabrice Bellard in 2014. Its purpose is to be a more compression-efficient replacement for the JPEG image format when quality or file size is an issue.[1] It is based on the intra-frame encoding of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) video compression standard.[2] Tests on photographic images in July 2014 found that BPG produced smaller files for a given quality than JPEG, JPEG XR and WebP.[3]
While there is not yet built-in native support for BPG in any mainstream browsers, websites can still use BPG images in all browsers by including a 56KB (after gzipping) JavaScript library made by Bellard.[1]
Contents
High Efficiency Video Coding and BPG
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HEVC already has several profiles defined for still-picture coding using HEVC's intra-frame encoding for various bit depths and color formats, including the progressively more capable Main Still Picture, Main 4:4:4 Still Picture, and Main 4:4:4 16 Still Picture profiles.
BPG is essentially a wrapper for uses of the HEVC's Main 4:4:4 16 Still Picture profile up to 14 bits per sample.
Specifications
BPG's container format is intended to be more suited to a generic image format than the raw bitstream format used in HEVC (which is otherwise ordinarily used within some other wrapper format, such as the .mp4 file format).[2][4]
BPG supports the color formats known as 4:4:4, 4:2:2, and 4:2:0.[2] Support for a separately coded extra channel is also included for an alpha channel or the fourth channel of a CMYK image.[2] Metadata support is included for Exif, ICC profiles, and XMP.[2]
Color space support is included for YCbCr with ITU-R BT.601, BT.709, and BT.2020 (non-constant luminance) definitions, YCgCo, RGB, CMYK, and grayscale.
Support for HEVC's lossy and lossless data compression is included.
BPG supports animation.[1]
Patents
BPG is believed[by whom?] to be covered by some of the patents on HEVC, and as such, any device which is licensed to support HEVC will also be covered for BPG.[according to whom?] Some sites such as LWN.net conclude for this reason that it is unlikely that BPG will replace JPEG, despite BPG's better technical performance.[4]
Other proposed JPEG replacements
Several previous image formats are also technically superior to JPEG for similar uses, though not by the same margin as BPG. They have found some niche uses, but have crucially not gained acceptance on the web. Investigations for a possible JPEG replacement have included:[3][5]
References
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- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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