19th New Zealand Parliament

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The 19th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It opened on 24 June 1915, following the 1914 election. It was dissolved on 27 November 1919 in preparation for 1919 election.

Sessions

The 19th Parliament opened on 24 June 1915, following the 1914 general election. It sat for six sessions (with two sessions in 1918), and was dissolved on 27 November 1919.[1]

Session Opened Ended Prorogued
first 24 June 1915 12 October 1891 15 October 1891
second 9 May 1916 8 August 1916 9 August 1916
third 28 June 1917 1 November 1917 2 November 1917
fourth 9 April 1918 15 April 1918 17 April 1918
fifth 24 October 1918 9 December 1918 12 December 1918
sixth 28 August 1919 5 November 1919 7 November 1919

Historical context

The 19th Parliament was the second term of the Reform Party government, which had been elected in the 1911 election. William Massey, the leader of the Reform Party, remained Prime Minister.[2] The Liberal Party, led by former Prime Minister Joseph Ward, was technically the main opposition party, although for the majority of the term, the Liberals were part of a war-time coalition with Reform. Two small left-wing parties, the Social Democratic Party and the loosely grouped remnants of the United Labour Party, also held seats, and there was one left-wing independent (John Payne). During the 19th Parliament, the Social Democrats and most of the United Labour Party merged to form the modern Labour Party.

Party standings

There were 616,043 electors on the European roll, with 521,525 (84.66%) voting, including 5,618 informal votes.[3] Turnout including Maori voters was 540,075. The following table shows votes at and party strengths immediately after the 1914 election:[citation needed]

Party Candidates Total Votes Percentage Swing Seats won Change
Reform 79 243,025 45.47 41
Liberal 70 223,633 41.84 33
United Labour 10 23,907 4.47 3
Social Democrat 10 22,500 4.21 2
Independent 24 21,329 3.99 1
Total Valid Votes 534,457 80

Members

Initial MPs

76 general and 4 Māori electorates existed for the 19th Parliament. The following are the results of the 1914 general election:

Key

 Liberal    Reform    United Labour    Social Democrat    Independent Labour    Independent  

Electorate results for the New Zealand general election, 1914[4]
Electorate Incumbent Winner Majority Runner up
General electorates
Ashburton William Nosworthy William Maslin
Auckland Central Albert Glover Michael Joseph Savage
Auckland East Arthur Myers Arthur Holmes
Auckland West James Bradney Charles Poole James Bradney
Awarua Joseph Ward John Hamilton
Avon George Russell 1,073 Dan Sullivan
Bay of Islands Vernon Reed 108 Peter Buck
Bay of Plenty William MacDonald Kenneth Williams
Bay of Islands James Allen Charles Smith
Buller James Colvin 2,195 George Powell
Chalmers Edward Clark James Dickson William Mason
Christchurch East Thomas Davey Henry Thacker 1,890 Hiram Hunter
Christchurch North Leonard Isitt Henry Toogood
Christchurch South Harry Ell Gains Whiting
Clutha Alexander Malcolm John Jenkinson
Dunedin Central Charles Statham James Wright Munro
Dunedin North George Thomson Andrew Walker George Thomson
Dunedin South Thomas Sidey Thomas Dalton
Dunedin West John A. Millar William Downie Stewart John Johnson
Eden John Bollard James Parr William Tuck
Egmont Charles Wilkinson David Astbury
Ellesmere Heaton Rhodes James Free
Franklin William Massey Arthur Glass
Gisborne James Carroll Harry de Lautour
Grey Paddy Webb Henry Michel
Grey Lynn John Payne 89 Murdoch McLean
Hawke's Bay Hugh Campbell Robert McNab Hugh Campbell
Hurunui George Forbes William Banks
Hutt Thomas Wilford Albert Samuel
Invercargill Josiah Hanan John Lillicrap
Kaiapoi David Buddo David Jones
Kaipara Gordon Coates Richard Hoe
Lyttelton James McCombs Malcolm Miller
Manukau Frederic Lang John McLarin
Marsden Francis Mander Edmund Purdie
Masterton George Sykes Alexander Hogg
Mataura George Anderson William Mehaffey
Hawke's Bay Roderick McKenzie Richard Hudson Roderick McKenzie
Napier Vigor Brown 2,215 George William Venables[5]
Nelson Harry Atmore Thomas Field Harry Atmore
Oamaru Ernest Lee John MacPherson
Ohinemuri Hugh Poland Joseph Clark
Oroua David Guthrie John Morrison
Otago Central Robert Scott William Bodkin
Otaki John Robertson William Field John Robertson
Pahiatua James Escott John Mathews
Palmerston David Buick Jim Thorn
Parnell James Dickson Jeremiah Sullivan
Patea George Pearce William Morrison
Raglan Richard Bollard 2,552 William Thompson
Rangitikei Edward Newman Robert Hornblow
Riccarton George Witty Bertram Bunn
Selwyn William Dickie George Sheat
Stratford John Hine William Hawkins
Taranaki Henry Okey Daniel Hughes
Taumarunui Charles Wilson William Jennings Charles Wilson
Tauranga William Herries Ralph Stewart
Temuka Thomas Buxton Charles Talbot Charles Kerr
Thames Thomas Rhodes Edmund Taylor
Timaru James Craigie Francis Smith
Waikato Alexander Young Alexander Scholes
Waimarino Robert Smith Hugh Speed
Waipawa George Hunter 138 Albert Jull
Wairarapa Walther Buchanan J. T. Marryat Hornsby Walter Buchanan
Wairau Richard McCallum John Duncan
Waitaki Francis Smith John Anstey Norton Francis
Waitemata Alexander Harris 1,013 Henry Cromwell Tewsley[6]
Wanganui Bill Veitch Frederick Pirani
Wakatipu William Fraser Joseph Stephens[7]
Wallace John Thomson Alexander Rodger
Wellington Central Francis Fisher Robert Fletcher Francis Fisher
Wellington East Alfred Newman 48 David McLaren
Wellington North Alexander Herdman 2,655 William Turnbull
Wellington South Alfred Hindmarsh 1,215 John Luke
Wellington Suburbs and Country William Bell Robert Wright Frank Moore
Westland Tom Seddon Arthur Paape
Maori electorates
Eastern Maori Sir Apirana Ngata Hetekia Pere
Northern Maori Te Rangi Hiroa Taurekareka Henare Hemi te Paa
Southern Maori Taare Parata Teone Matapura Erihana
Western Maori Māui Pōmare Māui Pōmare Hema te Ao

By-elections during the 19th Parliament

There were a number of changes during the term of the 19th Parliament.

Electorate and by-election Date Incumbent Cause Winner
Dunedin Central 1915 3 February Charles Statham Resignation Charles Statham
Bay of Islands 1915 8 June Vernon Reed Election declared void[8] William Stewart
Taumarunui 1915 15 June William Jennings Election declared void[9] William Jennings
Pahiatua 1916 17 August James Escott Death Harold Smith
Hawke's Bay 1917 8 March Robert McNab Death John Findlay
Bay of Islands 1917 17 March William Stewart Resignation Vernon Reed
Grey 1917 24 November Paddy Webb Resignation Paddy Webb
Wellington North 1918 12 February Alexander Herdman Resignation John Luke
Southern Maori 1918 21 February Taare Parata Death Hopere Uru
Grey 1918 29 May Paddy Webb Imprisonment Harry Holland
Wellington Central 1918 3 October Robert Fletcher Death Peter Fraser
Taranaki 1918 10 October Henry Okey Death Sydney Smith
Palmerston 1918 19 December David Buick Death Jimmy Nash
Wellington South 1918 19 December Alfred Hindmarsh Death Bob Semple

Summary of changes

Party changes

  • Thomas Rhodes, the Liberal Party MP for Thames, changed affiliation to the Reform Party in 1915.
  • The Social Democratic Party and the loose United Labour Party grouping merged to form the modern Labour Party on 7 July 1916. One ULP member, Bill Veitch, rejected the merger, and carried on as an independent.

Deaths

  • James Colvin (Liberal, Buller) died on 29 October 1919.
    • Seat remained vacant, as it was only two months until the general election.

Resignations

  • Paddy Webb (Labour, Grey) resigned in November 1917. He then challenged the government to fight the resulting by-election on the issue of conscription, which Webb opposed. The government declined the challenge, and did not contest the by-election.

Expulsions

  • Paddy Webb (Labour, Grey) lost his seat in April 1918, having been jailed for refusing military service. (He had previously fought and won a by-election on the issue).

Notes

  1. Wilson 1985, pp. 138, 141.
  2. Wilson 1985, p. 58.
  3. Wilson 1985, p. 286.
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References

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