United States House of Representatives elections, 1886
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All 325 seats to the United States House of Representatives 163 seats needed for a majority |
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Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1886 for Representatives to the 50th Congress, taking place in the middle of President Grover Cleveland's first term.
As in many midterm elections, Cleveland's Democratic Party lost seats to the opposition Republican Party, although a narrow majority was retained. Many of these Republican pickups were in the industrializing Midwest states, where the debate over tariffs, which were advocated by Republicans to protect domestic industry but opposed by Democrats to allow for free agricultural trade, led to political change. The small Labor Party, supported by industrial workers, gained one seat each in Virginia (VA-06) and Wisconsin (WI-04), while the Greenback Party maintained its one seat in Iowa (James B. Weaver of IA-06). John Nichols was also elected as an Independent to NC-04.
Contents
Election summaries
| 167 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 152 |
| Democratic | La | I | Gb | IR | Republican |
| State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Republican | Others | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
| Alabama | District | 8 | 8 |  |
0 | |
0 | |
| Arkansas | District | 5 | 5 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| California | District | 6 | 2 |  1 |
4 |  1 |
0 | |
| Colorado | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Connecticut | District | 4 | 2 | |
2 | |
0 | |
| Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Florida | District | 2 | 2 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Georgia | District | 10 | 10 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Illinois | District | 20 | 6 | 4 |
14 | 4 |
0 | |
| Indiana | District | 13 | 6 | 3 |
7 | 3 |
0 | |
| Iowa | District | 11 | 1 | 2 |
9[Note 5] | 2 |
1[Note 6] | |
| Kansas | District | 7 | 0 | |
7[Note 5] | |
0 | |
| Kentucky | District | 11 | 8 | 2 |
3 | 2 |
0 | |
| Louisiana | District | 6 | 6 | 1 |
0 | 1 |
0 | |
| Maine[Note 7] | District | 4 | 0 | |
4 | |
0 | |
| Maryland | District | 6 | 5 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Massachusetts | District | 12 | 4 | 2 |
8 | 2 |
0 | |
| Michigan | District | 11 | 5 | 2 |
6 | 2 |
0 | |
| Minnesota | District | 5 | 3 | 3 |
2 | 3 |
0 | |
| Mississippi | District | 7 | 7 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Missouri | District | 14 | 12 | |
2 | |
0 | |
| Nebraska | District | 3 | 1 | 1 |
2 | 1 |
0 | |
| Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| New Hampshire | District | 2 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 1 |
0 | |
| New Jersey | District | 7 | 2 | 1 |
5 | 1 |
0 | |
| New York | District | 34 | 16 | 1 |
18 | 1 |
0 | |
| North Carolina | District | 9 | 7 | 1 |
1 | |
1[Note 4] | 1 |
| Ohio | District | 21 | 6 | 5 |
15 | 5 |
0 | |
| Oregon[Note 7] | At-large | 1 | 0 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Pennsylvania | District + at-large |
28 | 8 | |
20 | |
0 | |
| Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | |
2 | |
0 | |
| South Carolina | District | 7 | 7 | 1 |
0 | 1 |
0 | |
| Tennessee | District | 10 | 8 | 1 |
2 | 1 |
0 | |
| Texas | District | 11 | 11 | |
0 | |
0 | |
| Vermont[Note 7] | District | 2 | 0 | |
2 | |
0 | |
| Virginia | District | 10 | 3 | 5 |
6 | 5 |
1[Note 8] | 1 |
| West Virginia | District | 4 | 3 | |
1 | |
0 | |
| Wisconsin | District | 9 | 1 | 1 |
7 | |
1[Note 8] | 1 |
| Total | 325 | 167[1] 51.4% |
16 |
154[1][Note 3] 47.4% |
13 |
4[1] 1.2% |
3 |
|
There were 2 Labor Party and 1 Independent members elected, and 1 Greenback Party member reelected in Iowa. The previous election saw just the Greenback elected.
Early election dates
In 1886, three states, with 7 seats among them, held elections early:
Complete returns
- D: Democratic
- I: Independent
- Pr: Prohibition
- R: Republican
California
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| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California 1 | Barclay Henley | Democratic | 1882 | Retired Democratic hold |
Thomas Larkin Thompson (D) 50.2% Charles A. Garter (R) 47.2% L. W. Simmons (Pr) 2.6% |
| California 2 | James A. Louttit | Republican | 1884 | Retired Democratic gain |
Marion Biggs (D) 50% J. C. Campbell (R) 47% W. O. Clark (Pr) 3% |
| California 3 | Joseph McKenna | Republican | 1884 | Re-elected | Joseph McKenna (R) 53.1% Henry C. McPike (D) 44.6% W. W. Smith (Pr) 2.4% |
| California 4 | William W. Morrow | Republican | 1884 | Re-elected | William W. Morrow (R) 48.7% Frank McCoppin (D) 42% Charles A. Sumner (I) 9% Robert Thompson (Pr) 0.4% |
| California 5 | Charles N. Felton | Republican | 1884 | Re-elected | Charles N. Felton (R) 48.8% Frank J. Sullivan (D) 48.4% C. Henderson (Pr) 1.4% A. E. Redstone (I) 1.4% |
| California 6 | Henry Markham | Republican | 1884 | Retired Republican hold |
William Vandever (R) 47.3% Joseph D. Lynch (D) 47.1% W. A. Harris (Pr) 5.6% |
Florida
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| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florida 1 | Robert H. M. Davidson | Democratic | 1876 | Re-elected | Robert H. M. Davidson (D) 66.2% C. B. Pendleton (R) 33.8% |
| Florida 2 | Charles Dougherty | Democratic | 1884 | Re-elected | Charles Dougherty (D) 53.9% J. C. Greeley (R) 44.9% R. B. Norment (Pr) 1.2% |
South Carolina
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| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected |
Result | Candidates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina 1 | Samuel Dibble | Democratic | 1882 | Re-elected | Samuel Dibble (D) 99.9% Others 0.1% |
| South Carolina 2 | George D. Tillman | Democratic | 1878 | Re-elected | George D. Tillman (D) 99.6% Others 0.4% |
| South Carolina 3 | D. Wyatt Aiken | Democratic | 1876 | Retired Democratic hold |
James S. Cothran (D) 99.8% Others 0.2% |
| South Carolina 4 | William H. Perry | Democratic | 1884 | Re-elected | William H. Perry (D) 100% |
| South Carolina 5 | John J. Hemphill | Democratic | 1882 | Re-elected | John J. Hemphill (D) 99.9% Others 0.1% |
| South Carolina 6 | George W. Dargan | Democratic | 1882 | Re-elected | George W. Dargan (D) 98.7% Others 1.3% |
| South Carolina 7 | Robert Smalls | Republican | 1884 (special) | Lost re-election Democratic gain |
William Elliott (D) 52.0% Robert Smalls (R) 47.8% Others 0.2% |
See also
Notes
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External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)
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