Shan State Army - North
- Not to be confused with the Shan State Army - South
Lua error in Module:Infobox at line 235: malformed pattern (missing ']'). The Shan State Army-North (Burmese: ရှမ်းပြည်တပ်မတော် - မြောက်ပိုင်း; SSA-N), also known as Shan State Army/Special Region 3 (SSA/SR-3) is a Shan nationalist insurgent group in Myanmar (Burma). It is the armed wing of the Shan State Progress Party (SSPP).[2]
History
The Shan State Army was founded in 1964 April, 24 and The Shan State Progress Party was founded in 1971, for the political wing of SSA. In 1989, the SSPP signed a ceasefire in 1989 after negotiations with the SLORC and was able to obtain a degree of autonomy for the areas under its control, establishing the Special Region 3 of the Shan State. This area included Nam Kham, Langkho, Hsipaw, Kyauk Mae, Mong Hsu, Tang Yang, Mongyai, Kehsi and Lashio Township. The size of the armed group at that time was of about 4.000 fighters. Even after having signed a ceasefire, the Burmese military continued to attack the Shan State Army-North areas.[3]
Although the SSA-N is more conciliatory towards the government than other armed Shan separatist groups, in 2005 it abandoned its base rather than disarm.[4] At one point the Burmese government wished the Shan State Army - North to join its border guard force. Two of the three brigades reportedly agreed to join the border guard, while the other refused.
Renewed hostilities
In 2014 the group has clashed with the Burmese army in Kehsi Mansam Township, home to the SSA-N Wanhai headquarters.[5] Also the Burmese military attacked and seized Shan State Army-North Mongsu camp[6] and resumed the fight against the SSA-N Brigade 72 in Kehsi Township.[7]
Beginning on 6 October 2015 a large scale offensive by the Tatmadaw comprising 20 Burma Army battalions has been launched in central Shan State. The aim of the military is to seize Shan ceasefire territories in Kehsi, Mong Nawng, Mong Hsu and Tangyan townships, using heavy artillery and with fighter jet and helicopter gunship air support to indiscriminately shell and bomb civilian areas. These attacks have displaced thousands of Shan, Palaung, Lisu and Lahu people causing a new humanitarian crisis.[8][9]
Organisation
The SSA-N originally had three brigades: the 1st, 3rd, and 7th brigades,[10] but currently only has two.
See also
References
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- 2011.05.21 Shan State Army North & South join forces against Burma Army
- SSA-North loses Mongsu camp to Burma Army
- Shanland
- ↑ Myanmar Peace Monitor
- ↑ Shan State Progress Party/ Shan State Army
- ↑ Elusive Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement Continues to Distract from Substantial Peace Talks
- ↑ Uncertainty Reigns in Shan State
- ↑ Shan State Army-North and govt discuss troop clashes
- ↑ Burma-Myanmar: Burma Army attacked and seized Shan State Army-North (SSA-N) Mongsu camp
- ↑ Resume fighting between Burma Army and Shan State Army-North affects six villages
- ↑ Govt invasion of Shan state mocks ceasefire pact- Bangkok Post
- ↑ Attacks in central Shan State
- ↑ Shan Herald
