Prince of Girona

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Coat of arms of Leonor, Princess of Asturias as Princess of Girona (unofficial)[1]

The title of Prince or Princess of Girona (Aragonese: Prencipe/Princesa de Chirona, Catalan: Príncep/Princesa de Girona, Spanish: Príncipe/Princesa de Gerona) is one of the titles given to the heir apparent or heir presumptive to the Crown of Aragon. The current title-holder is Leonor, Princess of Girona.

Origin of the title

It originated in 1351 when King Peter IV of Aragon named his successor, to whom he conceded the title of Duke of Girona; the title embraced territories of the counties of Girona, Besalú, Empúries and Ausona.

In part I of the Constitucions i Altres Drets de Cathalunya, the section headed Genealogia dels Reys d'Aragó i Comtes de Barcelona speaks of the genealogy of John I of Aragon, son of Peter IV, saying that John and Violant had a son named James, "lo qual intitularen Delphi de Girona". On 19 February 1416, Ferdinand I of Aragon, considering the title of duke insufficient, raised it to the rank of Principality of Girona.[2] However, these titles fell into gradual disuse until the 20th century as the heir of the King of Spain became better known by the hereditary title of the Crown of Castile, "Prince of Asturias."

Modern usage

In 1961, when announcing the wedding the future Juan Carlos I of Spain and Sofia of Greece, the Spanish Royal House issued the young prince, as titles of pretense, the style of "Prince of Asturias," "Prince of Girona," and "Prince of Viana" — these three titles referring to his status as heir apparent to the kingdoms of Castile, Aragon and Navarre respectively. He started using the titles of "Prince of Girona" on his passport during the dictatorship of Franco, to avoid the more contentious title Prince of Asturias which was well known to be reserved for the heir of the throne of Spain. His grandfather had adopted a similar tactic, styling himself Juan, Count of Barcelona; using the title of King of Spain would have been seen as directly subersive to the dictatorship of General Franco. However, calling himself Count of Barcelona was a clear attempt at asserting his hereditary rights to then defunct Spanish throne, as there had been no Count of Barcelona who was not either King of Aragon or of Spain since the Middle Ages.

When Juan Carlos was finally given an official capacity in the Spanish state as heir to the kingdom by General Franco, he received the title of "Prince of Spain" and thus began to use this until he became King of Spain. On 21 January 1977 his son, Felipe, would be the first to use all of these titles in any official capacity for over 250 years.

Holders

Picture Name Heir of Birth Became heir to the Crown Created Duke of Girona Ceased to be Duke of Girona Death Other titles before/whilst Duke Duchess of Girona
Chuan I d'Aragón.jpg Infante Juan
later John I
Peter IV 27 December 1350 1351 6 January 1387
became King
19 May 1396 Count of Cervera Martha of Armagnac
Yolande of Bar
80px Infante James John I 1382 6 January 1387 1388 Count of Cervera
80px Infante Ferdinand 1389 October 1389 Count of Cervera
80px Infante Peter 1394 1394 Count of Cervera
Alfonso V de Aragón.jpg Infante Alfonso
later Alfonso V
Ferdinand I 1396 25 June 1412 January 1414 19 February 1416
Raised to Principality
27 June 1458 Count of Cervera Maria of Castile
Princep carles de viana.jpg Prince Charles John II 29 May 1421 27 June 1458 23 September 1461 Prince of Viana
Duke of Gandia
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Ferdinand of Aragon.jpg Prince Ferdinand
later Ferdinand II
10 March 1452 23 September 1461
brother's death
20 January 1479
became King
23 January 1516 Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Duke of Gandia
Count of Ribagorza
King of Sicily
King of Castile and León
King of Upper Navarre
Isabella I of Castile
Francesco laurana, medaglia di jean d'anjou, 1464.JPG Prince John, Duke of Lorraine
(claimant)
René 2 August 1424 1466 16 December 1470 Duke of Lorraine
Duke of Calabria
Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Marie of Bourbon
Coat of arms of René of Anjou (1443-1453).svg Prince Nicholas, Duke of Lorraine
(claimant)
7 July 1448 16 December 1470 27 July 1473 Duke of Lorraine
Titular Duke of Calabria
Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
-
80px Prince Juan Ferdinand II 28 June 1478 20 January 1479 4 October 1497 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Margaret of Austria
75px Prince Miguel 24 August 1498 28 August 1498 19 July 1500
death
Prince of Portugal
Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
-
Juan de Flandes 003.jpg Infanta Joanna
later Joanna I
6 November 1479 1502
recognized by the Aragonese Cortes at Zaragoza
3 May 1509
brother's birth
12 April 1555 Princess of Asturias
Princess of Viana
Duchess of Montblanc
Countess of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Duchess consort of Burgundy, Brabant, Limburg, Lothier, Luxembourg; Countess consort of Artois, Flanders, Charolais, Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland, Burgundy; Margravine consort of Namur
-
80px Prince John 3 May 1509 Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
-
Juan de Flandes 003.jpg Infanta Joanna
later Joanna I
6 November 1479 3 May 1509
brother's death
23 January 1516
became Queen-regnant
12 April 1555 Princess of Asturias
Princess of Viana
Duchess of Montblanc
Countess of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Duchess consort of Burgundy, Brabant, Limburg, Lothier, Luxembourg; Countess consort of Artois, Flanders, Charolais, Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland, Burgundy; Margravine consort of Namur
-
80px Prince Charles
later Charles I
Joanna I 24 February 1500 23 January 1516 14 March 1516
became King
21 September 1558 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Prince of Viana
Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, Limburg, Lothier and Luxembourg,
Count of Artois, Burgundy, Flanders, Hainaut,
Holland, Namur and Zeeland
-
Philip II of Spain (young, French School).jpg Prince Philip
later Philip II
Charles I 21 May 1527 16 January 1556
became King
13 September 1598 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
King of Naples
King of England and Ireland
Duke of Milan
Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal
Mary I of England
Alonso Sánchez Coello 005.jpg Prince Carlos Philip II 8 July 1545 16 January 1556 24 July 1568 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
-
Alonso Sánchez Coello - Portrait of Infante Ferdinand of Spain - Walters 37551.jpg Prince Ferdinand 4 December 1571 18 October 1578 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
-
DiegoSpanien.jpg Prince Diego 15 August 1575 18 October 1578
brother's death
21 November 1582 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Prince of Portugal
-
80px Prince Philip
later Philip III
14 April 1578 21 November 1582
brother's death
14 April 1598
became King
31 March 1621 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Prince of Portugal
-
80px Prince Philip
later Philip IV
Philip III 8 April 1605 31 March 1621
became King
17 September 1665 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Prince of Portugal
Elisabeth of Bourbon
Diego Velázquez 070.jpg Prince Baltasar Carlos Philip IV 17 October 1629 9 October 1646 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Prince of Portugal
-
Prince Philip Prospero by Diego Velázquez.jpg Prince Philip Prospero 20 November 1657 1 November 1661 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
-
Retrato ecuestre de Carlos II niño.jpg Prince Charles
later Charles II
6 November 1661 17 September 1665
became King
1 November 1700 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
-
JosephFerdinand.jpg Prince Joseph Ferdinand Charles II 28 October 1692 1698 6 February 1699 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
-
80px Prince Felipe
later Felipe VI
Juan Carlos I 30 January 1968 22 November 1975 21 January 1977 19 June 2014 Prince of Asturias
Prince of Viana
Duke of Montblanc
Count of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer
Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano
Coat of Arms of the Spanish Heir apparent as Prince of Girona.svg Princess Leonor Felipe VI 31 October 2005 19 June 2014 19 June 2014 Incumbent Princess of Asturias
Princess of Viana
Duchess of Montblanc
Countess of Cervera
Lord of Balaguer

See also

Notes

  1. (Spanish) The arms of the Spanish Heir apparent as Princess of Girona.
  2. Thus, there has never been a "Principality of Girona" independent of the Crown of Aragon.

External links