José, Prince of Brazil

Prince José
Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza (more...)
José, Prince of Beira, Duke of Barcelos; Miguel António do Amaral, 1773; aged 12.
Born	(1761-08-20)20 August 1761 Real Barraca, Ajuda, Kingdom of Portugal
Died	Real Barraca, Ajuda, Portugal
Burial	Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza, Lisbon, Portugal
Spouse	Infanta Benedita of Portugal
Full name José Francisco Xavier de Paula Domingos António Agostinho Anastácio
House	House of Braganza
Father	Pedro III of Portugal
Mother	Maria I of Portugal
Religion	Roman Catholicism

D. José, Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ]; 20 August 1761 – 11 September 1788) was the heir apparent to the Kingdom of Portugal until his death in 1788, as the eldest child of Queen Maria I of Portugal and King Pedro III of Portugal, members of the House of Braganza

José died of smallpox at the age of 27, causing his younger and ill-prepared brother, Infante João, to become heir-apparent and eventually King. João's reign would be a turbulent one, seeing Napoleonic invasion of Portugal and the loss of the Portuguese Empire's largest and wealthiest colony, Brazil.

Early life

José age of 13; (1774)

José was born at the Real Barraca where the Palace of Ajuda in Lisbon stands today. He was named after his grandfather who was the ruling King of Portugal at the time of his birth. His grandfather created him Prince of Beira, this being the first time when the title was given to a male.

At the time of his birth, his parents were the Prince and Princess of Brazil, his mother the Heir presumptive of the king.

Marriage

On 21 February 1777, when he was 15 years old, he married his 30-year-old aunt the Infanta Benedita of Portugal. Benedita was an attractive woman and the main candidate for the wife of José. The marriage was the express wish of the king José.

They had no children, however she miscarriaged twice: in 1781 and in 1786. Three days after their wedding, José's grandfather and Benedita's father the old King José died, and his mother succeeded as queen regnant. Infante José became the new crown prince, being accorded the titles Prince of Brazil and 14th Duke of Braganza.

Death and legacy

Royal styles of José, Prince of Brazil
Reference style	His Royal Highness
Spoken style	Your Royal Highness
Alternative style	Sire

José died at the age of 27 of smallpox. Upon José's death, his younger brother Infante John became heir-apparent to the throne and thus the new Prince of Brazil. José died on the Ajuda Royal Complex in Lisbon. His mother and wife were very badly affected by his death. His wife would be known as the "Dowager Princess of Brazil" till her death in 1829.

José is buried in the Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza in Lisbon, the resting place for most of the members of the House of Braganza.

Titles, styles, and honours

Titles and styles

• 20 August 1761 – 24 February 1777 His Royal Highness The Prince of Beira, Duke of Barcelos.
• 24 February 1777 – 11 September 1788 His Royal Highness The Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza.

Honours

• Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece

Ancestors

Family of José, Prince of Brazil

16. John IV of Portugal               8. Peter II of Portugal (=24)                       17. Luisa of Medina-Sidonia               4. John V of Portugal (=12)                             18. Philip William, Elector Palatine (=22)               9. Maria Sofia of Neuburg (=25)                       19. Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (=23)               2. Peter III of Portugal                                   20. Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor               10. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (=26)                       21. Maria Anna of Spain               5. Maria Anna of Austria (=13)                             22. Philip William, Elector Palatine (=18)               11. Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg (=27)                       23. Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (=19)               1. José, Prince of Brazil                                         24. Peter II of Portugal (=8)               12. John V of Portugal (=4)                       25. Maria Sofia of Neuburg (=9)               6. Joseph I of Portugal                             26. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (=10)               13. Maria Anna of Austria (=5)                       27. Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg (=11)               3. Maria I of Portugal                                   28. Louis of France, Dauphin of France, Grand Dauphin               14. Philip V of Spain                       29. Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria               7. Infanta Mariana Victoria of Spain                             30. Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma               15. Elisabeth Farnese                       31. Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg

References

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: 
• (Portuguese) A Prince that was almost a King
• (Portuguese) Orders from King José to Prince José
• Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal

External links

Media related to at Wikimedia Commons

José, Prince of Brazil House of Braganza Cadet branch of the House of Aviz Born: 20 August 1761 Died: 11 September 1788
Portuguese royalty
Preceded by Maria Francisca	Prince of Beira Duke of Barcelos 20 August 1761— 24 February 1777	Succeeded by Maria Teresa
Preceded by Maria I	Prince of Brazil Duke of Braganza 24 February 1777— 11 September 1788	Succeeded by John VI