Himatnagar

Himatnagar હિંમતનગર Himmatnagar
City
Himatnagar Public Library and Clocktower at night of Swarnim Gujarat Event
Himatnagar Location in Gujarat, India
Coordinates:
Country	India
State	Gujarat
District	Sabarkantha
Established	1426
Founded by	Ahmed Shah I
Government
• Body	Himatnagar Municipality
• Mayor	Shankarbhai Kahar
Elevation	127 m (417 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	325,669
Languages
• Spoken	Gujarati, Hindi and English
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN	383001
Telephone code	+912772
Vehicle registration	GJ-9
Website	http://www.himatnagarnp.org/

Himatnagar or Himmatnagar (હિંમતનગર) is a municipality in Sabarkantha district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is the administrative headquarters of the district. The town is on the bank of the river Hathmati.

History

Himatnagar was founded in 1426 by Ahmed Shah I of Gujarat Sultanate and named it Ahmednagar after himself. He founded the town to keep Raos of Idar State in check. It is said that he was so fond of the place that he thought of making it, instead of Ahmedabad, the capital of Gujarat Sultanate. When the Rao dynasty took Idar in 1728, Ahmednagar soon fell into their hands. After the death of Maharaja Shivsing, in 1792, his brother Sangramsing took Ahmednagar and the country round; and, in spite of the efforts of his nephew Gambhirsing, became an independent chief. Sagramsing was succeeded by his son Karansing. The latter died in 1835, and Erskine, the British Agent, who was in the neighbourhood with a force, moved to Ahmednagar to prevent the queens from becoming satis. The sons of the deceased Maharaja begged Erskine not to interfere with their customs. Finding him resolved to prevent the sati practice, while pretending to negotiate, they secretly summoned the Bhils and other turbulent tribes, and in the night, opening a way through the fort wall to the river bed, the queens burnt themselves with their deceased husband. The sons of the deceased Maharaja fled, but subsequently gave themselves up, and, after entering into an engagement with the British Government, Takhtsing was allowed to succeed his father as Maharaja of Ahmednagar. Some years later he was chosen to fill the vacant throne of Jodhpur State. He tried to keep Ahmednagar and its dependencies, but, after a long discussion, it was, in 1848, ruled that Ahmednagar should revert to Idar State. In 1912, the town was renamed Ahmednagar to Himatnagar after prince Himmat Singh by Sir Pratap Singh, the Maharaja of Idar. The state was under Mahi Kantha Agency during British rule which subsequently became part of Western India States Agency.

After independence of India in 1947, Idar State was merged with Union of India. From 1947 to 1956, it was a part of Bombay state as Idar district. Himatnagar was the largest city and the administrative headquarters of the Dungarpur district, Rajasthan from 1956 to 1960. Since 1961, Himatnagar is part of Sabarkantha district, Gujarat.

Places of interest

The white sandstone and cement walls of the original fort, though much ruined in parts still surround the heart of town. The gateways, especially the Parantij or Ahmedabad gate, are specimens of Muslim architecture. The bastions are hollow the inside occupied by pillared rooms in two stories which take up so much space that the walls of the bastions are composed of single layers of stone. In the town, a small stone building, with richly carved bow windows, was once the residence of the Maharajas of Ahmednagar. There are also some interesting Jain temples.

Further on is a well, known as the Kazi ni Vavdi, with inscriptions on the side walls, one in Arabic and the other in Devnagri, bearing respectively the dates 1417 (820 Hijri year) and 1522 (Samvat 1578). The second inscription shows that the well was built in 1522 by Shamsher-ul-Mulk, who is stated by tradition to have been a son of Sultan Ahmad. Further, the citadel or inner fort, known like that in Ahmedabad as the Bhadra, contains some very fine though ruinous buildings, the principal lacing that traditionally known as the Mulla or Mohina Rani's palace. Tho windows of these buildings are very fine, of stone carved with the delicacy of lace. There are several wells hewn out of the solid rock, and, though dry, in good preservation. In 1858, the principal building in the Bhadra was occupied as a mess-house by a small force sent to keep order in the Main Kantha during the troubled times of the Mutinies. It has since become a ruin. Outside, at some distance from the Bhadra and opening immediately on the Hathmati, is the Idar gate, is close to it is a small mosque in perfect preservation, its windows worthy of notice, being each ornamented outside with a carved stone canopy while the frame is filled with carved stone work representing trees with foliage, through the interstices of which, a tempered light streams into the building. This mosque is said to have been bnilt by Nasar-ul-Mulk, the eldest son of Sultan Ahmad Shah I.

File:Himmatnagar district library.jpg

Government library of himmatnagar, Tower road

East of this mosque is the Navlakha Kund. It is an oblong hollow or pit about 100 feet broad and 500 long. At the foot of the flight of steps, which form one of the sides of the pit, is a stone basin, filled with water from a perennial spring and with stone cloisters round three of its sides. At the back of the west cloister is a ladies gallery hidden from sight by carved open stone screens. On the south side is a building with a stone canopy intended for the king or chief man of the place, who during the heat of the day came with his ladies to enjoy this cool retreat. The cloister on the north has disappeared, but the others, in fair preservation, are fine specimens of architecture. Tradition ascribes the work to Taj-ul-Mulk, another of the sons of Sultan Ahmad. Close to this place are the remains of buildings said to have been stables or cavalry lines. At one side of these, large arched doorways, now built up, led to an outwork facing the north, and immediately over the river, which was evidently at one time covered with a pillared roof. This was probably a place of resort, being cool, except at noon-day, and commanding a fine view of the Idar hills. Not far from the stables, a gateway opens on the road to the river, On the other side of the road three domed and pillared cupolas, chhatris mark the spots where the remains of the Maharajas of Ahmedabad were cremated.

Maharaja Himmat Singh Fort, located on the banks of river Hathmati and Daulat Vilas Palace in Mahavirnagar area are two remaining palaces.

There are several religious places including Vaktapur Hanuman Temple, Jain Temple, Sai Temple, Jalaram Temple, Panchdev Temple, Mahakali Temple, Prannathji Temple, Harshhidhmata Temple, Swaminaryan Temple, Ganpathi Temple, Gayatri Temple, Bholeswar Temple, several Jaina Temples and Juma Mosque and several others. Swaminarayan temple is constructed on the national highway enriched with architectural values.

An amusement park is located on by pass link from Motiputa cross road to Vijapur highway.

Culture

Himatnagar is known for its unique tasting Daal and Panipuri. Basic meal served in Himatnagar is Gujarati thali, that includes dal, rice or bhat, rotli and shaak (cooked vegetables and curry) with accompaniments of pickles and roasted papads. Beverages, such as buttermilk and sweet dishes include laddoo, doodhpak and vedhmi. Most restaurants serve a wide array of Indian and International food. Traditionally vegetarian food is consumed by Jain and Hindu communities because of religious beliefs. Therefore, most restaurants serve only vegetarian food.

Wide range of festivals are celebrated in the town. Such as, Kite festival, popularly known as Uttarayan on 14th and 15 January. Navratri with people performing Garba, the most popular folk dance of Gujarat. The festival of lights, Deepavali or Diwali, celebrated with the lighting of lamps in every house, decorating the floors with Rangoli, and the lighting of firecrackers. And other religious festivals such as Holi, Ganesh Chaturthi, Eid ul-Fitr are also celebrated.

Municipal corporation serves two town halls, Sahkar Hall situated at railway crossing in Mahavirnagar and Nalinkant Gandhi town hall situated near Post Office.

Economy

Himatnagar is a central site for the ceramic industry of the state, and is home to several manufacturing units such as Asian Granito Limited, City Tiles Limited, Regent Tiles and Century Tiles. The town has also been home to major companies in the weighing scale industries since 1960.

Motipura, Mehtapura, Mahavirnagar, Pologround are major areas. Polo Ground and Mahavirnagar is a posh area.

Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Himatnagar had a population of 325,669. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Himatnagar has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 72%. In Himatnagar, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Religions in Himmatnagar
Religion			Percent
Hindus			72%
Muslims			24%
Jains			3.4%
Others†			0.6%
Distribution of religions †Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Buddhists (<0.2%).

Education

Himatnagar has several higher educational institutes in field of IT, Engineering, Pharmacy , Science, Art and Commerce such as the Agricultural Produce Market Committee College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. Himmatnagar Medical College was inaugurated in September 2015.

There are many primary and Higher Secondary schools such as Jain Acharya Anandghansuri Vidhyalaya, Madresa High School, Rumi English School and Himmat High school, Himmat Highschool No. 2, My Own Highschool, Glorious High school, Faith English School, Modern Higher Secondary School,St. Xavier's School, Mount Carmel School and Vidhyanagari. Himatnagar also has a Kendriya Vidyalaya. A Hostel Himmat Bording Have Been Run By Himmatnagar Kelavani Mandal Near Civil Circlle.

Connectivity

File:Himmatnagar bus station night.jpg

Himmatnagar bus station at night

Himatnagar has a railway Station (Meter gauge line) and a GSRTC Bus Depot. Himatnagar is connected with National Highway No.8 (Mumbai to Delhi).