File:Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.jpg

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Complete_androgen_insensitivity_syndrome.jpg(353 × 470 pixels, file size: 79 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)

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Summary

Non-free media information and use rationale for Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
Description

Women with complete androgen insensitivity are born phenotypically female, despite having a 46,XY karyotype.

Source

Left, Simpson JL. Disorders of Sexual Differentiation: Etiology and Clinical Delineation. New York: Academic Press, 1976. Right, Gilbert SF. Developmental biology, sixth edition. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, 2000. Photos by Charles B. Hammond, Duke University.

Article

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome

Portion used

Single image from an article in a medical journal.

Low resolution?

Resolution of this image will not affect journal subscriptions (i.e. revenue).

Purpose of use

This image illustrates that women with complete androgen insensitivity are phenotypically normal women, and that the Y chromosome does not affect the femininity of their bodies.

Replaceable?

CAIS is a rare disorder, affecting approximately 1 in 20,000 births. It is worthy to note that this subject is sensitive, and calls for medical quality photography.

Other information

Sources that describe CAIS and its rarity include: (1:) Quigley CA, De Bellis A, Marschke KB, El-Awady MK, Wilson EM, French FS. Androgen receptor defects: historical, clinical, and molecular perspectives. Endocr Rev. 1995;16:271–321. (2:) Banksboll S, Qvist I, Lebech PE et al. Testicular feminization syndrome and associated gonadal tumours in Denmark. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 1992;71:63-66. (3:) Hughes I, Deeb A. Androgen resistance. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;20:577-598.

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Licensing

  • Images are copyrighted by the respective medical journals which published them except in cases where those publication contracts have expired (or did not exist in the first place) then images are copyrighted by the article authors or the individual photographers listed above.

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